IFAC-PapersOnLine 49-16 (2016) 371–374
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2405-8963 © 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Peer review under responsibility of International Federation of Automatic Control.
10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.10.068
© 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: fuzzy sensors, interpolation algorithms, microclimate monitoring.
1. INTRODUCTION
The microclimate modeling and control in greenhouses it
has been done measuring temperature and relative humi-
dity, in some studies, it is considered physically indepen-
dent between them, this neglect causes problems in the
study of greenhouse microclimate. The problems involved
in controlling greenhouses are strongly dependent on the
geographical area; solutions that are valid in some regions
must be adapted or changed in order to fit others. Until
now, many of the controllers designed for greenhouses have
been associated with a single control variable, i.e. tempe-
rature, and this has given rise to monovariable controllers
Herrero et al. (2007) and Fen (2010).
The VPD has been implemented successfully, in Zolnier
et al. (2000) it was reported a basis theoretical for defining
operational constraints necessary to develop VPD con-
troller, that research was to determine operational con-
straints on equipment used for VPD control. In Vermeulen
et al. (2012) is proposed automated leaf temperature mon-
This work was supported in part by the CONACYT-M´exico, by
grant program: sabbatical stay abroad I0010-2014-02, under grant
No. 246344.
itoring of glasshouse tomato plants by using a leaf energy
balance model, they measured VPD, it was determined
by: H301 aspirated psychrometer Windspeed Ltd., Rhyl,
Wales, UK., but these type sensor using the wet and
dry bulb, a water reservoir and maintenance for over 7
days continuous. Unlike, in this work we use only two
sensors: air temperature and relative humidity, embedded
in a microcontroller, using interpolation algorithm fuzzy
of the psychrometric chart. A methodology for irrigation
control and nutrient supply was developed in Sigrimis
et al. (2001), using common measurements of greenhouse
climate, ambient and dry-bulb temperature, both mea-
surements are converted to VPD using a virtual function
from MACQU controller math library, it is not transparent
the measurement of VPD if you not have the library.
In Abdullah (2001), mean atmospheric vapor pressure
deficit (AVPD) was used to develop a non stressed baseline
equation and consequently the crop water stress index
(CWSI), they computed instantaneous AVPD using the
corresponding instantaneous wet and dry-bulb tempera-
ture and the standard psychrometer equation List (1971),
Howell et al. (1986). The VPD is very important climate
variable, increases nonlinearly with increase in tempera-
ture but decreases with increase in relative humidity, in
Julio C´esar Ramos-Fern´andez
*
Jean-Fran¸coisBalmat
**
Marco Antonio M´arquez-Vera
*
Fr´ed´eric Lafont
**
Nathalie Pessel
**
Eduardo Steed Espinoza-Quesada
*
*
Universidad Polit´ecnica de Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca - Cd. Sahag´ un
Km 20, Rancho Luna, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Barbara, C.P. 43830,
Zempoala, Hgo. M´exico, Tel. (+52)771 5477510, (e-mail: jramos@
utt.edu.mx, marquez@ utt.edu.mx, steedeq@gmail.com).
**
Aix Marseille Universit´e, Universit´e de Toulon, CNRS, ENSAM,
LSIS UMR 7296, CS 60584 83041 Toulon Cedex 9 (e-mail: balmat@
univ-tln.fr, lafont@ univ-tln.fr, nathalie.pessel@ univ-tln.fr )
Abstract
Instrumentation to measure microclimate in greenhouses is a task to developing before starting
the identification and control moisture and temperature in greenhouses, a variable which best
describe the microclimate and helps prevent fungus and disease risks, is the vapor pressure
deficit (VPD), it is measured indirectly by means of two inputs: temperature and humidity, by
means the psychrometric chart, and another way is using interpolation models. This paper
shows methodology to measure VPD, by using fuzzy modeling type Takagi-Sugeno (T-S).
Fuzzy modeling is based on expert and human knowledge, additionally this is combined with
mathematical techniques to identify parameters of the antecedents and consequents of IF-THEN
fuzzy rules, each IF-THEN fuzzy rule defines a submodel or region of interpolation. In this work,
expert knowledge is the information described in psychrometric chart. Modeling learning was
performed using air temperature and relative humidity, a set of 8 fuzzy rules was proposed to
interpolate the VPD. The results of the fuzzy model are illustrated using measurements of an
experimental greenhouse, and was contrasted with a model well known in the literature. The
algorithm of fuzzy modelling VPD, was codified in two platform application real time: C to
microcontroller and LabVIEW
TM
, thus it is possible measuring the instantaneous VPD.
Fuzzy Modeling Vapor Pressure Deficit to
Monitoring Microclimate in Greenhouses