152 Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat 7(2), July 2023 Evangelikal: Jurnal Teologi Injili dan Pembinaan Warga Jemaat ISSN 2548-7868 (print), 2548-7558 (online) Available at https://journal.sttsimpson.ac.id/index.php/EJTI/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.46445/ejti.v7i2.666 Digital Sin: A Theological Review of Human Sins through Audio- Visual in Digital Realm Eriyani Mendrofa 1 , Eko Wahyu Suryaningsih 2 , Chang Young Min 3 1, 2 Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis Indonesia, Semarang, Indonesia 3 Chongshin Presbyterian Seminary and University in Seoul, Republic of Korea Email: ekowahyusuryaningsih@gmail.com ABSTRACT: The development of increasingly advanced Science and Technology has altered various aspects of human life. Whether consciously or not, this development has also impacted the spiritual component of humans. This article discusses how sin can enter human existence through the senses of hearing and sight, beginning with Eve in Genesis 3:15 and continuing to the present day with the widespread use of digital media. The method utilized is a literature review composed of books and journal articles. The findings of this study indicate that digital media can serve as a channel for sin. Humans can sin because of flawed hearing and words. Through the consumption of indecent materials such as pornography, and the unethical use of visual media, digital media sets up the potential for humans to feed their already sinful tendencies. This action demeans human dignity and undermines cherished Christian values. Sinful individuals require pastoral care. Understanding, support, guidance, prayer, prevention, and long-term recovery must be the focus of the ministry for those who have sinned through digital media use. Therefore, a pastor and pastoral counselors must understand the digital world and the challenges people confront in order to approach problems with wisdom and compassion. Keywords: hamartiology; digital media; digital pastoral Article History: Submitted: March 18, 2023 Revised: July 7, 2023 Accepted: July 11, 2023 Published: July 28, 2023 This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license INTRODUCTION The Digital Era is a rapidly emerging period. Digital media has made it easy to access information from anywhere in the world (Allan & Allan, 2020; Saptorini et al., 2022; Sastrohartoyo et al., 2021). Indeed, this facilitates people's access to information and knowledge services. On the other hand, certain parties misuse it by disseminating information that is inappropriate for public consumption. This information is unethical and violates existing religious norms, such as: the use of social media to distribute immoral videos, requests for unnatural relationships, online media-based fraud, and so on. The more occupied they are, the more obvious it becomes that they are not serious about gaining positive benefits from the advancement of science and technology. Meinanto et al. (2022) found that children spend more time using their devices than engaging in social interaction. Internet addiction and moral decline are the negative effects. The research of Meinanto et al. (2022) suggests teaching compassion and oneness as a solution. If visual media is not accompanied by education about its negative and positive effects, moral decline may spread rapidly among all gadget users. Similarly, Jamun & Ntelok (2022) reported that, based on the findings of his study, students' daily use of smartphones has increased to more than five hours. This has led to a decrease in student creativity, reduced productivity, and a mindset that is increasingly unable to deal with complex information and realities. The aforementioned research focuses on the impact of smartphone use in