Remedy Publications LLC., | http://clinicsinoncology.com/ Clinics in Oncology 2018 | Volume 3 | Article 1539 1 Guar Gum Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Cancer Treatment OPEN ACCESS *Correspondence: Lonchin Suguna, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR- Central Leather Research Institute, India, Tel: (+) 91-44-24437149; Fax: (+) 91-44-24911589; E-mail: slonchin@yahoo.co.uk Received Date: 18 Sep 2018 Accepted Date: 05 Oct 2018 Published Date: 16 Oct 2018 Citation: Ganeshkumar M, Janani M, Ponrasu T, Suguna L. Guar Gum Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Cancer Treatment. Clin Oncol. 2018; 3: 1539. Copyright © 2018 Lonchin Suguna. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Article Published: 16 Oct, 2018 Introduction Nanoparticles have become an important area of research in the field of targeted drug delivery as they have the ability to deliver the drug to targeted area with sustained period of time with limited side effects in the non targeted areas [1]. Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) are drawing lot of interest and attention as a new platform for biomedical applications, than any other metallic Nanoparticles due to their biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity [2-3]. In clinical applications, the advantage of AuNPs is that they can be readily conjugated to many bio molecules like amino acids, proteins/ enzymes, DNA [4-6] and other molecular species without altering the biological activity of the conjugated species. Functionalized AuNPs has opened the door wide to biomedical applications such as colorimetric assays of amoxicillin [7], creatinin [8], melanin [9], bio-sensing [10] and drug delivery [11]. Recently, we have reported a method for spontaneous ultra fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Punica granatum for cancer targeted drug delivery [12]. Green synthesis of pullulan stabilized gold nanoparticles for cancer targeted drug delivery for the treatment of liver cancer has also been reported by us [13]. Until now, varieties of methods or techniques have been reported for the preparation of AuNPs [14-16]. One of the most commonly used methods is the chemical reduction of gold salts by various reducing agents, such as sodium borohydride, sodium citrate, form amide [17-18]. Sodium borohydride is toxic to human. As citric acid reduced AuNPs are not stable in physiological conditions, synthesis of AuNPs needs protective or stabilizing agents such as thiols, surfactants and polymers, which can attach to the surface of AuNPs, and thus preventing the agglomeration [19-22]. Green chemistry based synthesis of gold Nanoparticles could tackle the above problem and could be used for targeted drug delivery due to their biocompatibility and stability in physiological conditions. Oral controlled drug delivery systems based on natural hydrophilic polysaccharides are highly appreciable due to their economic feasibility, controlled drug release and regulatory acceptance. Guar Gum (GG) is a high molecular weight (2, 20000 Daltons) hydro-colloidal polysaccharide derived from the seeds of Cyamopsis tetragonolobus. e gum consists of linear chains of (1→4)-β-D- mannopyranosyl units with α-D-galactopyranosyl units attached by (1→6) linkages [23]. e pH of 1% (w/v) aqueous dispersion varies from 5 to 7 and is stable over a wide pH range. e viscosity of GG dispersion is same in both acidic and alkaline media. In pharmaceuticals, guar gum is used as a binder and disintegrant in solid dosage forms [24]. GG is generally considered as a potential candidate for colon-specific drug delivery application due to its drug release retarding property and susceptibility to microbial degradation in the large intestine [25-26]. Gamma scintiographic studies on GG matrix tablets in human models showed that they are appropriate carriers for colon region [27]. Carboxymethyl gaur gum stabilized Abstract In this study, microwave irradiated gold Nanoparticles were prepared using guar gum, a biopolymer, and utilized for targeted drug delivery for colon cancer for the first time. Guar gum stabilized gold Nanoparticles (GG-AuNPs) thus prepared, observed to possess hemocompatibility. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), an anti-cancer drug, was adsorbed on GG-AuNPs (5-Fu@GG-AuNPs) and used for targeted drug delivery for colon cancer. e toxicity and angiogenesis of 5-Fu, 5-Fu@GG-AuNPs was studied using zebrafish embryos. e cytotoxicity of free 5-Fu, 5-Fu@GG-AuNPs was carried out on HT-29 cells and found that the amount of 5-Fu required to achieve 50% of growth of inhibition (Ic 50 ) was higher in 5-Fu@GG-AuNPs than in 5-Fu, due to a slow release of drug from Nanoparticles. Keywords: Gaur gum; Gold nanoparticles; Zebra fish; Colon cancer; Drug delivery Moorthy Ganeshkumar 1 , Murthi Janani 2 , Thangavel Ponrasu 1 and Lonchin Suguna 1 * 1 Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, India 2 Department of Biopharmaceutics, Anna University, India