ABSTRACT
The paper presents a method for the indoor testing of road
vehicle suspension systems. A suspension is positioned on a
rotating drum which is located in the Laboratory for the
Safety of Transport at Politecnico di Milano. Special six-axis
load cells have been designed and used for measuring the
forces/moments acting at each suspension-chassis joints. The
forces/moments, wheel accelerations, displacements are
measured up to 100 Hz. Two different types of test can be
performed. The tire/wheel unbalance effect on the suspension
system behavior (Vibration and Harshness, VH) has been
analyzed by testing the suspension system from zero to the
vehicle maximum speed on a flat surface and by monitoring
the forces transmitted to the chassis. In the second kind of
test, the suspension system has been excited as the wheel
passes over different cleats fixed on the drum. By analyzing
the forces and the acceleration measured on the suspension
system, a set of performance indexes has been derived from
the analysis of the data both in time and frequency domain. A
simple mathematical model of the tire/suspension system has
been derived and validated to analyze the relative effect of
the road irregularity and of the tire/wheel unbalance on an
actual suspension dynamic behavior. It has been shown, that
the direct measurement of the forces and moments at the
suspension-chassis joints is an effective way for
understanding the vibration and harshness suspension
performances.
INTRODUCTION
The vibration of the vehicle chassis depends on the tire, on
the suspension geometry, on the stiffness of the springs, on
the damper setting, on the suspension structural features and
on the geometric tolerances of the suspension components.
Due to these many factors influencing the chassis vibrations
and harshness (VH), it is rather difficult to model the
suspension vibrational behavior [ 17]. Experimental
measurements are necessary to obtain a reliable estimation of
the loads acting at suspension/chassis joining points for
comfort and durability purposes. The main research activity
described in the paper is related to the measurement of VH
performances up to 100 Hz in order to include the tire
dynamics and the effect of the tire/wheel unbalance. A car
suspension is positioned on a rotating drum which is located
in the Laboratory for the Safety of Transport at Politecnico di
Milano. Special six-axis load cells have been designed and
used for measuring the forces/moments acting at each
suspension-chassis joints. The load sensors are positioned
between the bushings and the fixed structure (which
represents the car chassis). In order to reach the adequate
compliance level a new 6-axis (force and moments) sensor
has been designed because no commercially available sensors
could be used [ 4]. The analysis in the time and frequency
domains of the measured forces transmitted to the car chassis
can be performed by the RuotaVia test rig in order to
characterize the dynamics of the tire/ suspension system.
Two different types of test have been performed. The tire/
wheel unbalance effect on the suspension system behavior
has been analyzed by testing the suspension system from zero
to the vehicle maximum speed on a flat surface and by
monitoring the forces transmitted to the chassis, in particular
the harmonic components at 1x and 2x the rotational speed of
the wheel. In the second type of test, the suspension system
A Method for Vibration and Harshness Analysis
Based on Indoor Testing of Automotive Suspension
Systems
2010-01-0639
Published
04/12/2010
M. Gobbi, P. Guarneri, G. Mastinu and G. Rocca
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano (Technical University), Milano, Italy
L. Castignani
Ferrari Automobili, Maranello, Italy
Copyright © 2010 SAE International
SAE Int. J. Mater. Manuf. | Volume 3 | Issue 1 290