Medico-legal Update, October-December 2020, Vol. 20, No. 4 833 A Comparative Study on the Chest CT Scan Radiological Findings and Hematological Parameters of COVID–19 and NON–COVID-19 Pneumoniapatients in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq Bassam Maddah Hassan 1 , Mothana Ali Khalil 2 , Rana Adnan Abdulhameed 3 , Abbas Jaafar Khaleel Al-Anbari 4 1 Surgical Department, Lecturer, MBCHB, FIBMS/Anbar Medical College/University of Anbar/Iraq, 2 Assistant Professor/Anbar Medical College, Medical Microbiology Department,/University of Anbar/Iraq, 3 Specialist Diagnostic Radiology, Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital Baghdad/MOH/Iraq, 4 MBCHB, FIBMS Al-Nahrain University, College of Medicine, Surgical Department/Iraq Abstract Background: Chest CT scan has a great sensitivity with rapid diagnoses of COVID-19 infection in the community. Nevertheless,the specificity of this test for diagnosis of this disease are believed to be low. Objective: To evaluate role, effectiveness and diagnostic accuracy of chest CT scan with main imaging manifestations and hematological appearances for screening COVID-19 cases through comparing results of those with other NON-COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients and Method: Twenty COVID–19 & 28NON–COVID–19pneumoniaIraqi patients in Yarmouk teaching hospital, Baghdad, Iraq from 1 march to 1 may 2020, at the beginning of the outbreak in Iraq COVID–19 had been included in current research. Confirmed COVID–19 together with NON–COVID-19 patients to be infected or not with SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR were included in current research. Socio- demographic,hematological and chest CT scan finding were examined to compare the variance between COVID-19 and NON-COVID-19 patients. Result: “COVID-19” patients mean age was 62.10 ±14.308SDrangedbetween 35- 90 years whereas “non-COVID-19” patients mean was 61.07± 13.638 SD.There was a significant difference between WBC average number of COVID-19 compared to its average number of “NON-COVID-19” patients (P<0.001). A significant differences between Neutrophils, lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophil and Basophils low counts and MCV, MCH, PDW of COVID-19 compared to its counts or levels in “NON-COVID-19” patients (P<0.001). A significantly different of CT scanImages ‘Ground glass opacity, Crazy paving alteration’, ‘Vascular dilatations, Traction Bronchiectasis alteration’, ‘Sub pleural –bands’ & Architectura) between “COVID-19” & ”NON-COVID-19 cases (P less than 0.001), whereas Consolidation was non-significant. Conclusion: A chest CT scan might be a dependabletool for COVID-19 cases diagnosis. Hematological features that include WBC, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophil, Basophils, MCV, MCH, PDW might be substantial indications for COVID-19 appraisal. Keywords: COVID-19, NON-COVID-19, Pneumonia, CT scan, Hematological test,case-control study. Corresponding Author: Mothana Ali Khalil Assistant Professor/Anbar Medical College, Medical Microbiology Department,/University of Anbar/Iraq e-mail: mothanakhalil70@yahoo.com Introduction ‹Coronavirus› interactive ‹disease-2019› (COVID-19) is a pandemic outbreakproduced by ‹severe acute respiratory syndrome› coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2. It begins suddenly in December 2019