1 Estudos de Psicologia I Campinas I 2024 I 41 I e230084 https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202441e230084en DOSSIER Perspectives on Indigenous Psychology in Brazil: ethical and epistemological challenges Editor Danilo Silva Guimarães Support Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM), Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM) e Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Conflict of interest The authors declare they have no conflict of interests. Received August 3, 2023 Approved January 31, 2024 Explanatory factors of suicide from the indigenous perspective: a literature review Geana Baniwa 1 , Marcelo Calegare 2 1 Indígena Baniwa. Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena Yanomami. Boa Vista, RR, Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Faculdade de Psicologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia. Manaus, AM, Brasil. Correspondence to: M. CALEGARE. E-mail: <mcalegare@ufam.edu.br>. Article based on the master’s dissertation of G. B. LUCIANO (G. BANIWA), entitled “Fatores de proteção ao suicídio em jovens indígenas da etnia Baniwa”. Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2023. How to cite this article: Baniwa, G., & Calegare, M. (2024). Explanatory factors of suicide from the indigenous perspective: a literature review. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 41, e230084. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982- 0275202441e230084en Abstract Objective Indigenous suicide in Brazil is an epidemiological, complex, and multifactorial phenomenon for which conclusive answers to risk factors remain elusive. Based on a literature review, the objective is to identify factors that contribute to the phenomenon of suicide from the perspective of Indigenous people. Method The PRISMA model was employed, and literature was sought in the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, and the Periódicos Capes databases between August and November 2022, utilizing the Portuguese descriptors “indígena AND suicídio” (indigenous AND suicide), “índio AND suicídio” (indian AND suicide), and “indígena OR suicídio OR Brasil” (indigenous OR suicide OR Brazil). Results The search yielded 235 articles, and after applying exclusion and inclusion criteria, 14 were retained. These articles formed the basis for identifying several categories which indicate the explanatory factors of indigenous people’s suicide, the first three of which are shared with Western scientific explanations: loss of “good living”, especially among young people; alcohol consumption; abandonment of Indigenous traditions; symbolic universe and myths; witchcraft and harm; and collective suicide. Conclusion Our analysis critiques the exclusively Western perspective and psychological approach, emphasizing the need to embrace Indigenous perspectives on this phenomenon. Keywords: Brazil; Indigenous; Risk factors; Suicide. According to the Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria (2014), suicide is understood as a deliberate, conscious, and intentional act carried out by the individual with the intention of death. It was traditionally perceived as a “total social fact” typical of a social group that maintains relatively stable rates over time (Durkheim, 1897/2000). Currently, this act is considered complex and multifactorial, involving the