American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 2, 63-71
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajme/3/2/5
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/ajme-3-2-5
BDR Modelling of Passenger Queues at Nnamdi Azikiwe
International Airport, Abuja, Nigeria
Nuhu A. Ademoh
*
, Anosike Esther Nneka
*
Department Of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria
*Corresponding author: Nuhuadam@Yahoo.Com, stanosike@yahoo.com
Received January 06, 2015; Revised February 09, 2015; Accepted May 04, 2015
Abstract A nation’s air industry is vital to her development as it offers inter-linkages for all the economic sectors.
International airport of a country’s capital city acts as gateway and gives lots of first hand impression of her integrity.
Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, the gateway to Nigeria’s capital city, Abuja, faces problem of passengers
queuing for boarding, departure and arrival at different rates due to ineffectiveness in management of travelers using
the facility. This never gave travelers, particularly international passengers a good impression of the country. As part
solution, this study developed a queuing model using Birth and Death Rate approach to simulate the problem and
find enduring solution. Four air transport companies consisting two each of domestic and international operators
that frequently use the facility was adopted as study samples. Their 2013 flight data were used to simulate model for
validation. Result showed that in order to meet current daily passenger need each domestic airline required at least
5 aircrafts. Each international airline required one additional aircraft to effectively service the monthly average
demands of 21,863 passengers. The system required 0.5 service factor and utilization factors of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.9 at
5% significance.
Keywords: birth and death rate, modeling, airport, waiting line, service factor
Cite This Article: Nuhu A. Ademoh, and Anosike Esther Nneka, “BDR Modelling of Passenger Queues at
Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja, Nigeria.” American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. 3, no.
2 (2015): 63-71. doi: 10.12691/ajme-3-2-5.
1. Introduction
Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (NAIA) is
located at Abuja, Nigeria’s capital city. It operates both
domestic and international terminals. As a gate way to
Nigeria’s capital, it experiences massive traffic of people
arriving to and departing out of the facility for official,
commercial, business and personal activities. Though the
industry has witnessed tremendous growth in the past
years, continuous population growth/urbanization with its
attendant increase in official and other activities has
drastically raised the demand for air transport services in
Nigeria (Odufuwa, 2008 and Ogwude, 1986). This has put
pressure on the industry for state of art logistic management
system. Inadequacy in availability of such systems has
forced the industry to face problems of travelers queuing
for boarding, departures and arrivals at NAIA, Abuja.
Queuing in the airport has become very complex to solve
manually due to the patterns and irregularities in the
arrivals, departures and service process. As the system has
less ability to promptly service the arrivals and departures
rowdiness/randomness occur resulting to some waiting
lines. According to Mehri et al (2009), queuing manifests
at arrival, service facilities and actual waiting lines. These
can be modeled for solutions based on performance
evaluation metrics that include flight delays, cancellations
and passenger delays (Subramanian 2007).
In NAIA system waiting is consequent to irregularity in
service for large user’s demands for cargo handling, ticket
clearance, departure and arrival. Queuing for service is
made worse during airlifting of hajj pilgrims by which
time passengers sleep in Nigerian airports awaiting flight.
Aftermath of the cumbersome services is that most
travelers through NAIA are stressed up and uncomfortable
giving bad image to the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority
(NCAA). As a part solution to this problem, Ademoh and
Anosike (2014) used Multi Server approach to develop
queuing modeling to predict demands of travelers using
NAIA and recommended that more aircrafts were needed
to effectively serve both its international and domestic
wings.
The main aim of this work is to develop an alternative
queuing modeling using the birth and death rate (BDR)
approach to predict and solve waiting line problem at
Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport, Abuja. The
objectives are to adopt historical data used in previous
work by Ademoh and Anosike (2014) to simulate the
newly developed BDR queuing modeling for prediction of
passengers’ arrival and departure rates; determine service
level of performance; harmonize passenger arrival/departure
handling facilities and to cross compare the result with
that of previous related work. The significance of the work
as a follow-up to work of Ademoh and Anosike (2014) is
that it would confirm the practical solution to the waiting
line problem of NAIA and to justify the better method of
the two modeling approaches to precisely solve the problem