©JPS Scientific Publications, India Chapter - 13 Page 157 Microbes for Clean and Green Environment (ISBN: 978-81-945631-2-9) First Edition, 2020 Chapter – 13, Page: 157 - 167 13 NANOMATERIALS - AN ADVANCED TREND IN BIOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS Neethu Asokan 1 , Sowmiya Theerthagiri 2 and Sukumar Chandran 2 1 Department of Microbiology, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Tirupattur, Tamil Nadu, India 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author: neethusasokan@gmail.com 1. Introduction The pollution of environment with heavy metals is a sustaining menace. The disbandment of the industrial solid and liquid waste containing heavy has received a lot of attention. The legislation for the protection of the environment has therefore become severe due to the pollution (Benedetti 1998; Chen and Hao 1998). Bioremediation is a technology that practices metabolic processes to alteror degrade the contaminants to its less harmful form. Bioremediation generally involves the use of biological agents like microorganisms- bacteria, fungi and yeast to clean the environment of pollution (Strong et al., 2008). Nanotechnology has become one of the promising applications in science and technology. It is the emerging and an innovative technology that has reformed the prospect of several existing innovations and developments. It has changed the lives and has led to the revolution in science and technology. Nanoscience has fetched about by the parallel development of several advances in technology. Nanotechnology has been a boon for studying bio-systems and has promoted a wide range of applications in an