A Review of Thermal Management in Power Converters
with Thermal Vias
Deepak Gautam, Dale Wager, Fariborz Musavi,
Murray Edington
Department of Research, Engineering
Delta-Q Technologies Corp., Burnaby, BC, Canada
dgautam@delta-q.com, dwager@delta-q.com,
fmusavi@delta-q.com, medington@delta-q.com
1
Wilson Eberle and
2
William G. Dunford
1
School of Eng. |
2
Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng.
University of British Columbia |
1
Okanagan |
2
Vancouver
1
Kelowna, BC, Canada |
2
Vancouver, BC, Canada
1
wilson.eberle@ubc.ca |
2
wgd@ece.ubc.ca
Abstract—One important challenge in power electronics design
is removing the heat cost effectively from the power devices. A
thermal via is a small diameter hole plated with copper and is
used to transfer the heat from one side of the printed circuit
board (PCB) to the other side. In this paper, a thorough
literature review of the design and analysis of thermal vias in
PCBs for thermal management of devices in power electronics
converters are presented. Key advantages of using PCB’s for
thermal management are also presented. Based on the
conclusions drawn from the available literature and practical
manufacturing guidelines, four different via patterns for a
single power device are selected and their thermal performances
are studied. Each of the four via patterns is laid out multiple
times on the same PCB. A power component in a D2PAK is
soldered to each of the patterns. The PCB is attached to a liquid
cooled cold plate. The devices are powered up and a thermal
imaging camera is used to record the temperature of the device.
The experimental results presented closely matches with the
theoretical prediction and helps in identifying the most efficient
thermal via pattern.
I. INTRODUCTION
Electronic packaging is a major discipline within the field
of electronic engineering, and includes a wide variety of
technologies. It refers to enclosures and protective features
built into products. An engineer or designer must balance
many objectives and practical considerations when selecting
packaging methods. For designing power electronics
converters some of the most important considerations for
selecting packaging methods are compliance with safety and
regulatory (electromagnetic interference) standards, heat
dissipation requirements, design for manufacturability and
long term reliability. Design for manufacturability is the
engineering art of designing products in such a way that they
are easy to manufacture and they aid in keeping the product
cost low while enhancing long term reliability.
Printed circuits boards (PCB) are primarily used to connect
components together. With the availability of a wide variety of
surface mount components (power semiconductor devices and
passives), PCBs are very favorable for use in power
conversion products as they ease the manufacturing process.
One of the biggest challenges in using PCB’s in power
converters is extracting the heat from the power
semiconductor devices.
Figure 1. Example of power device mounted on PCB and cooled through
thermal vias and heatsink.
Figure 2. Heat path from device junction to ambient through vias in PCB
and heatsink.
This work has been sponsored and supported by Delta-Q Technologies
Corporation.
978-1-4673-4355-8/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE 627