28 TH International Symposium on Logistics, 07 th - 10 th July 2024 ISBN-13 978-0-85358-354-7 Proceedings of the 28 th International Symposium on Logistics (ISL 2024) Building Sustainable Connectivity through Logistics and Supply Chains 07-10 th July 2024 Organised by Supported by The Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The University of Nottingham, UK Editors: A Potter, KS Pawar, H Rogers and R Banomyong https://www.islconf.org