Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(6): 3112-3115 3112 Case Study https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.906.372 An Unusual Presentation of Lymphatic Filariasis in Non-Endemic Country Hasan Khalaf*, Noor Alhalabi and Basim Almothafar Al Adala quarter, Alnajaf city 00964, Iraq *Corresponding author ABSTRACT Introduction Filariasis is a worldwide health problem in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, the Western Pacific, and parts of America. Out of 893 million people in 49 countries at risk of infection, 120 million people are infected presenting commonly with lymphatic filariasis. (1). In developing countries, filariasis is still a wide public health problem but It is extremely rare in Iraq. There are eight species of filarial parasite can cause infection to the human being. Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and Brugia timori cause Lymphatic filariasis, while cutaneous lesions are caused mainly by Onchocerca volvulus and Loa loa (2). W. bancrofti has a worldwide distribution and it accounts for 90% of detected filariasis cases, which is more prominent than Brugia malayi and Brugia timori. Clinical manifestations include lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, lymphatic obstruction, hydrocele and elephantiasis (3). The conventional diagnostic procedure is for the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Wuchereria bancrofti is a human parasitic worm (Filariworm) that is the major cause of lymphatic filariasis. It is one of the three parasitic worms, together with Brugia malayi and B. timori, that infect the lymphatic system to cause lymphatic filariasis. These filarial worms are spread by a variety of mosquito vector species. The usual form presentation of the disease is as hydrocele, acute or chronic lymphatic obstruction or subclinical microfilaremia. Finding of Wuchereria bancrofti in a cytological smear from upper arm abscess is a rare presentation. We discuss here a case of 19- years old female with recurrent abscesses and small ulcers in the arm and forearm. FNAC smears Cytology revealed sheathed microfilaria without any nucleus in the tail end confirming the species as Wuchereria bancrofti. The case is highlighted the rare presentation of WB and the role FNAC smear cytology in diagnosing filariasis. Keywords Microfilaria, FNAC, cytology Accepted: 21 May 2020 Available Online: 10 June 2020 Article Info