International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry 2023;9(4):251–257 Content available at: https://www.ipinnovative.com/open-access-journals International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry Journal homepage: www.ijohd.org Original Research Article Relationship of complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate with malposition and malformation of maxillary lateral incisors Rizqa Septianoly Pratiwi 1 *, Willyanti Soewondo 2 , Eka Chemiawan 2 , Belly Sam 3 , Eriska Riyanti 2 , Arlette Setiawan 2 1 Rumah Sakit Khusus Gigi dan Mulut, Bandung, Indonesia 2 Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia 3 Dept. of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology,, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia ARTICLE INFO Article history: Received 25-09-2023 Accepted 12-12-2023 Available online 16-01-2024 Keywords: Complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate Malposition Malformation Maxillary lateral incisors ABSTRACT Cleft palate is a facial deformity that allows primary and permanent teeth to be affected by anomalies such as malpositions and malformations. The lateral incisors are the most commonly affected in patients with cleft palate. The diagnosis of malposition and dental malformation is established through history taking, clinical examination, and diagnostic evaluation in the form of study models, clinical photos, and panoramic radiographs. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate and maxillary lateral incisor malposition and malformation. The research method is analytic cross-sectional, with the research sample consisting of 35 primary data from clinical examinations and secondary data from panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients 5-13 years old at YPPCBL RSGM Padjadjaran University, Bandung. This study looked at the clinical condition of dental anomalies and the interpretation of panoramic radiographs. Data were analyzed using Kendall Concordal analysis and Spearman rank correlation. The results showed that the impaction is the most common type of maxillary lateral incisor malposition found in complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate. Peg shape is the most common type of maxillary lateral incisor malformation found in complete unilateral cleft palate. The highest rate of maxillary lateral incisor agenesis was found in bilateral complete cleft palate compared to complete unilateral clefts. There is a relationship between complete unilateral and bilateral cleft palate, which was statistically significant at 78% with p-value = 5.69E-32 <0.05. The conclusion of the study is there is a relationship between the unilateral cleft palate; and bilateral complete with malposition and malformation of maxillary lateral incisors. This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. For reprints contact: reprint@ipinnovative.com 1. Introduction Cleft lip and/or palate is a congenital anomaly of the facial structure characterised by a cleft lip and/or palate. 1 Research conducted in the city of Bandung from 2011 to 2015 showed that the incidence of cleft lip and/or palate in Indonesia is quite high, with a total of 1,596 patients. 2–4 A cleft lip and/or palate is multifactorial with both genetic * Corresponding author. E-mail address: rizqa19001@mail.unpad.ac.id (R. S. Pratiwi). and environmental factors playing a role. 5–7 Patients with cleft lip and/or palate have a morphological shape that is different from that of normal children. 8,9 This anomaly can have a clinical impact on the quality of life of patients, as it can cause various problems, such as psychosocial aspects, communication and hearing problems. 10 Primary and permanent teeth can be affected by cleft lip and/or palate, and teeth on the affected side of the cleft are often compromised. 11 It has been found that 96.7% of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate patients have at least https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijohd.2023.048 2395-4914/© 2023 Author(s), Published by Innovative Publication. 251