Business Ethics: A Eur Rev. 2020;00:1–11. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/beer | 1 © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
1 | INTRODUCTION
In this study, we identify some factors responsible for students’
perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in a developing
country setting. We test whether gender, academic status (level of
study), and taking business ethics courses influences these percep-
tions. Students in less developed countries (LDCs) often are not
familiar with the concept of CSR despite its potential to shape and
sharpen their disposition to fairness and social justice, especially
in the workplace, either as employees or managers of businesses
(Amaeshi, Adi, Ogbechie, & Amao, 2006; Kolodinsky, Madden,
Zisk, & Henkel, 2010). However, studies show that CSR enables
businesses to function maximally, stimulates favorable policies for
businesses to thrive, and fulfills the duty businesses have to society
with respect to social good (Kilcullen & Kooistra, 1999; Kolodinsky
et al., 2010; Rupp, Wright, Aryee, & Luo, 2015). Conversely, favor-
able policies will tend to stimulate businesses to give back to the
society via CSR.
The ease of doing business is arguably the most significant
difference between developing and developed countries. Policies,
processes, and procedures for starting and running businesses are
by far more efficient, secure, and supportive of entrepreneurs in
the latter than in the former. As students in Africa observe and
thereby experience the complexity and challenges facing busi-
ness effectiveness and performance in developing countries, they
are unlikely to be CSR-sensitive. Many students in sub-Saharan
African settings such as Nigeria seek education primarily to eman-
cipate from poverty, that is, to lead a more prosperous life and
secure a more sustainable future. Thus, they seek gainful em-
ployment after leaving school, further implicating the possibility
that their primary motivation is survival. Job-seeking graduates in
Nigeria are first likely to seek secure jobs in the civil services or in
high-paying private sectors or with multinational companies, for
example, Shell, Chevron, MTN, Coca Cola, and others. The CSR
disposition of these graduate employees will, therefore, depend
on the CSR behavior of their employers. Conversely, students
Received: 30 August 2018
|
Revised: 2 June 2020
|
Accepted: 9 June 2020
DOI: 10.1111/beer.12306
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Students' perception of corporate social responsibility:
Analyzing the influence of gender, academic status, and
exposure to business ethics education
Felix Okechukwu Ugwuozor
Department of Educational Foundations,
Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria,
Nsukka, Nigeria
Correspondence
Felix Okechukwu Ugwuozor, Department
of Educational Foundations, Faculty of
Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
PMB 41001, Nigeria.
Email: Fugwuozo@yahoo.com
Abstract
Studies on students' perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) have been
growing in western scholarship. For students in African countries, such as Nigeria,
there is little that is known about how and whether gender, level of study, and being
enrolled in business education courses impact their perception of and disposition
towards CSR. This study explores the significance of gender, academic status or level
of study, and exposure to business ethics education (BEE) on Nigerian students' per-
ception of CSR as a veritable business ethic. Specifically, the effects of these factors
on students' perception of CSR are examined using analysis of variance. The results
show a significant effect of exposure to BEE and gender on CSR-sensitivity, and a
mild, but significant effect of academic status. This implies that male students and
female students had different perspectives on CSR issues. Students who took ethics
courses and those who did not would run businesses differently. However, age and
experience on campus did not influence students' perception or position on CSR. The
study recommends that more behavioral models be estimated with the inclusion of
more demographic and socioeconomic variables to elicit more robust results.