Citation: Syaeful, H.; Ciputra, R.C.;
Adimedha, T.B.; Sumaryanto, A.;
Sukadana, I.G.; Indrastomo, F.D.;
Pratiwi, F.; Sucipta, S.; Pratama, H.A.;
Mustika, D.; et al. Radiometric
Signatures of Gold Mineralization
Zone in Pongkor, West Java,
Indonesia: A Baseline for Radiometric
Mapping Application on
Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit.
Resources 2024, 13, 2. https://doi.org/
10.3390/resources13010002
Academic Editors: Jian Cao and
Zhiyong Gao
Received: 13 November 2023
Revised: 13 December 2023
Accepted: 18 December 2023
Published: 21 December 2023
Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
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4.0/).
resources
Article
Radiometric Signatures of Gold Mineralization Zone in Pongkor,
West Java, Indonesia: A Baseline for Radiometric Mapping
Application on Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Deposit
Heri Syaeful
1,2,
* , Roni Cahya Ciputra
1
, Tyto Baskara Adimedha
1
, Agus Sumaryanto
1
, I Gde Sukadana
1
,
Frederikus Dian Indrastomo
1
, Fadiah Pratiwi
1
, Sucipta Sucipta
1
, Hendra Adhi Pratama
1
, Deni Mustika
1
,
Kurnia Setiawan Widana
1
, Susilo Widodo
3
, Muhammad Burhannudinnur
4
, Ildrem Syafri
2
and Bronto Sutopo
5
1
Research Center for Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Technology, Research Organization for
Nuclear Energy, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia;
roni010@brin.go.id (R.C.C.); tyto001@brin.go.id (T.B.A.); agus029@brin.go.id (A.S.);
igde001@brin.go.id (I.G.S.); fred002@brin.go.id (F.D.I.); fadi005@brin.go.id (F.P.); suci002@brin.go.id (S.S.);
hend031@brin.go.id (H.A.P.); deni010@brin.go.id (D.M.); kurn009@brin.go.id (K.S.W.)
2
Faculty of Geological Engineering, Padjadjaran University, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; ildrem@unpad.ac.id
3
Research Center for Safety, Metrology, and Nuclear Technology, National Research and Innovation
Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang 15314, Indonesia; susi001@brin.go.id
4
Geological Engineering Department, Trisakti University, Jakarta 11440, Indonesia; burhan@trisakti.ac.id
5
Geomin Unit of PT. Antam Tbk., Jakarta 12530, Indonesia; bronto.sutopo@antam.com
* Correspondence: heri021@brin.go.id
Abstract: Radiometric mapping could play a prominent role in locating the host rock or alteration
that leads to gold mineralization. Nevertheless, in low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposits, the
radiometric signatures have to be priorly characterized due to their geometry. It is comprised
of a small ore vein system within the large alteration zones. The Pongkor gold mine is a low-
sulfidation epithermal deposit and was selected for this purpose. The method started with the
surface identification of radiometric signatures on altered and unaltered rocks near Pongkor using
portable spectrometers. They are followed by the characterization of the underground mining
front, which is comprised of different types of veins and host rocks. The results show that the
altered rocks were characterized by a high K% and a low eTh/K ratio. Vice versa, the mineralized
veins show low radioelement concentrations. Following the characterization of the geometry of
alteration zones and mineralized veins, a study of the relationship between radioelements detected
by radiometric mapping and gold pathfinder elements was conducted. Gold pathfinders of Mn,
Fe, Zn, As, and Pb were selected for correlation studies with the radioelement. The pathfinders
and radioelements were more significantly correlated in veins compared to the host rock. Based on
this study, radiometric mapping has the potential and benefit of being applied in the exploration of
low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposits. An alteration zone could be delineated by K or eTh/K
as an anomaly indicator, and the vein bodies could also be delineated using low K or eTh as an
anomaly indicator.
Keywords: radiometric mapping; gold deposit; pathfinder; Pongkor; low-sulfidation epithermal
1. Introduction
The radiometric mapping measures the abundance of K, U, and Th, naturally oc-
curring radioactive materials (NORM), on Earth’s surface. The method is best executed
with a multispectral sensor, referred to as gamma spectrometry, so the signature of the
radioelement can be separately recorded and allow further analysis. The measurements
can map and characterize different rock units based on the varying concentrations of these
radioelements [1,2]. The method is prevalent, practical, and effective for detecting thorium
and uranium anomalies in exploration. Radiometric mapping that has been carried out in
Resources 2024, 13, 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources13010002 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/resources