BEPLS Spl Issue [2] 2022 411 | P age ©2022 AELS, INDIA Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci., Spl Issue [2] 2022 : 411-413 ©2022 Academy for Environment and Life Sciences, India Online ISSN 2277-1808 Journal’s URL:http://www.bepls.com CODEN: BEPLAD REVIEW ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Torus Mandibularis: A Case Study Amit B. Lall* 1 , Priyanka Takhellambam 2 , Sanjeev Tomar 3 1,2,3 Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Santosh Deemed to be University, Ghaziabad, UP Email: dean.research@santosh.ac.in ABSTRACT Torus mandibularis, a bony overgrowth found generally on the lingual aspect of the lower premolars above the mylohyoid line can cause difficulty in routine fabrication and insertion of denture due to ulceration of the thin overlying mucosa. Surgical intervention may be necessary in case of hindrance in the prosthetic rehabilitation and in conditions associated with pain and discomfort. This article briefly reviews the literature pertaining to incidence of distribution of mandibular tori along with a case report depicting its management. KEYWORDS: Torus Mandibularis, Exostosis, Bony Growth. Received 09.07.2022 Revised 11.09.2022 Accepted 13.10.2022 INTRODUCTION Torus mandibularis can be defined as an exostosis, unilaterally or bilaterally situated on the lingual aspect of the mandible above the mylohyoid line usually in the region of the premolars. Hooton stated that the mandibular torus is essentially a functional adaptation rather than a racial characteristic and that it occurs especially among people living in northern latitudes and existing principally on animal food. They were classified as: (a) single unilateral torus, (b) multiple unilateral tori, (c) single bilateral tori, and (d) multiple bilateral tori [1-3]. Factors which influence mandibular tori include genetic and environmental factors, functional, nutritional, behavioural, and climatologic factors. The main issue regarding the mandibular tori is the disagreement on the morphogenetic role of hereditary versus environmental factors [4-7]. The two most prominent theories of origin for mandibular tori that have been proposed are related to masticatory stress and heredity. In 1959, Johnson suggested that the correlation between the amount of tooth wear and torus development was a functional response of the mandible to abnormal masticatory stress which is supported by the observations of Hooten [7] of mandibular tori in eskimos with severe dental attrition. CASE STUDY A 34-year-old female patient with the chief complaint of painless hard swelling of the lower left inner side of the jaw, reported to the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad. 6 months back, the patient had noticed a painless growth in the lower left side of the jaw. Since it was not painful, she did not seek medical advice. The swelling gradually increased in size and reached the present size at the time she reported to us. There were no specific findings in the patient on extraoral examination. On intraoral examination, there was a presence of a solitary swelling in the lower left lingual surface of the mandible in the attached gingiva of the bicuspids and first molar, approximately 1.2cm x 1cm in the anteroposterior and superoinferior dimensions. The swelling extended from the free gingival margin superiorly to 0.5cm above the mylohyoid ridge inferiorly. Mucosa overlying the swelling appeared stretched and pale in colour. On palpation, the inspectory findings were confirmed. The swelling was non-tender, bony hard in consistency. Orthopantomogram revealed a well circumscribed oval radiopacity on the left lingual surface of the mandible in the region 35 and 36 . The lesion was provisionally diagnosed as osteoma, mandibular tori or mandibular exostosis and was planned for excision under local anesthesia.