World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 7 (5): 521-526, 2011
ISSN 1817-3047
© IDOSI Publications, 2011
Corresponding Author: Kabahenda, M.K., Department of Food Technology and Nutrition,
College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, P O Box 7062,
Kampala, Uganda.
521
Protein and Micronutrient Composition of Low-Value
Fish Products Commonly Marketed in the Lake Victoria Region
M.K. Kabahenda, R. Amega, E. Okalany, S.M.C. Husken and S. Heck
1 1 1 2 2
Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences,
1
Makerere University, P O Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
The World Fish Center, Addis Ababa Rd, P O Box 51289, Lusaka, Zambia
2
Abstract: Increase in demand of fish from Lake Victoria region has created gaps in local fish supplies and
this raises concern since there are reports of limited animal-source food consumption plus protein and
micronutrients deficiencies in this region. To fill the gap, less-preferred pelagic fish species such as Mukene
(Rastreneobola argentea) and by-products from filleting Nile perch (Lates niloticus), which were commonly
used for animal feeds, are increasingly being minimally processed and marketed for direct human
consumption. These fish products constitute what has been termed as ‘low-value fish products’. This study
was carried out to assess the nutrient content of low-value fish products (LVFPs) so as to document their
potential contribution to protein and micronutrient intake of individuals who depend on these products as
their major animal source food.Commonly marketed samples of fresh, smoked, deep fried and sun-dried Nile
perch by-products and mukene were collected from factories, by-product processing sites and markets to
determine their nutrient contents. The results show that most LVFPs had protein levels comparable to Nile
perch fillet but mukene products had the highest crude protein (47.9% to 58.8%), followed by fresh perch
eggs products (32.1% to 38.7%). On dry weight basis, the concentration of iron was highest in mukene
products (8.18 -10.91 mg/100g) and lowest in perch fillet (1.06 mg/100g); zinc was highest in mukene products
(4.07-10.25 mg/100g) and fresh perch eggs (4.07 mg/100g); while calcium was highest in perch skin
(1827.4 -1986.3 mg/100g) and mukene products (1556.4-1866.5 mg/100g). Perch fillet was among the products
with lowest amounts of iron, zinc and calcium.These findings suggest that LVFPs can improve protein and
micronutrient intake of individuals with limited access to animal-source foods. There is need to educate
communities to improve processing, handling and acceptability of LVFPs products for direct human
consumption.
Key words: Low-value fish products Animal-source food Calcium Iron zinc
INTRODUCTION mukene (a pelagic fish species), by-products from filleting
Analysis of trends in global animal source food these products provide a good alternative source for
consumption indicate decreasing fish consumption in protein and micronutrients among populations that
developing countries; yet these countries already had cannot access high value animal-source food products
low per capita consumption of animal source foods such as mature fish and fillet.
[1]. This situation raises concern because less developed Some of the strategies proposed to improve fish
countries continue to record high prevalence of supply for human consumption include increased use of
undernutrition and this is partly attributed to limited underutilized species and reduction in fish wastage in
dietary intake of nutrient dense foods such as form of unintended by-catches and post-harvest losses
animal-source food products. This study investigated the [2]. At the moment, the only underutilized fish species in
nutrient content of less valued fish products such as the Lake Victoria region are small pelagic fish species
Nile perch and juvenile fish in order to determine whether