International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 4, no 7, pp 895-898 July 2023 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421 Effect of Extract of Basil Leaf (Ocimum Basillicum L) on Ovarian Follice and Estrogen Level in Premenopausal Wistar Rats Yenny Boedi Soesanto 1 , Wimpie Pangkahila 1 , Ni Putu Sriwidyani 2 , Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna 3 , I Gusti Ayu Widianti 1 , I Wayan Juli Sumadi 2 1 Biomedical Science Masters Study Program, Concentration of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia 2 Department of Patology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia 3 Department of Dermatoveneorology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia DOI: https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.4.723.48254 ABSTRACT Introduction: The decrease of estrogen in the aging process causes various complaints in women. This causes limitations in physical activity which ultimately reduces the quality of life. The use of phytopharmaca that has phytoestrogen activity is expected to help reduce the symptoms and complaints caused by a decrease in estrogen. This is due to its ability to bind to estrogen receptors. Basil leaves have phytoestrogen activity so that they can be an alternative in dealing with premenopausal symptoms. This study aims to prove that the ethanol extract of basil leaves can inhibit the decrease in the number of ovarian follicles and increase estradiol levels in premenopausal female Wistar rats. Methods: This research was an experimental post-test only control group design using female rats as the object of research, aged 10-18 months (human equivalent aged 40-45 years). The sample was divided into 2 groups, the treatment group which was given ethanol extract of basil leaf at a dosage of 0.50 g/kg BW and the control group which was given aquabidest every day orally for 21 days. After 21 days, blood was taken through the medial canthus of the orbital sinus to check estradiol levels using the ELISA method and the ovarian organs were taken for histological follicle counting. Results: The mean of follicles in the control group was 5.39 ± 1.14/LPB while the mean in the treatment group was 13.88 ± 2.87/LBP. These data indicate that the mean of the treatment group is higher than the control group. Statistical tests using the Mann Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference between the control and treatment groups (p=0.001). In examining estrogen levels, the mean of estrogen level for the control group was 207.02 ± 7.13 ng/L, while the treatment group was 229.56 ± 10.02 ng/L. Statistical tests using the Mann Whitney test showed that there was increased of estrogen level in the treatment groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: Oral administration of 0.5 g/kg BW ethanol extract of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L) inhibited the decrease of ovarian follicles number and increase estrogen levels in premenopausal female Wistar rats. Keyword: Basil leaf extract, ovarian follicles, estrogen levels, premenopause Introduction Aging is a natural process that every living thing goes through. The aging process is characterized by reduced body functions. This creates physical limitations, and it is not uncommon for people to depend on the help of others in carrying out their daily activities. Aging is often assumed to be a condition that is old and easily sick. Some of the factors that cause aging, for exampel: free radicals, apoptosis, decreased hormones, unhealthy lifestyle, environmental pollution, stress, lack of exercise and an unbalanced diet. Changes in lifestyle that occur in modern society today also accelerate the aging process. [1] The aging process does not occur quickly, but gradually begins with reduced hormones. This hormone decline starts from the age of 25 years. At that time there were still no symtoms, but a decrease in hormone levels was detected through laboratory tests. This phase is the subclinical stage. In women who have entered the aging process at the clinical stage, it is marked by a significant decrease in several hormones, especially estrogen. Women who have experienced menopause have very low estrogen levels, which are less than 20 pg/ml [2]. This causes various complaints including: hot flashes, vaginal dryness, decreased memory, depression, insomnia, anxiety, these symtomps will interfere with daily activities and ultimately affect quality of life [1]. The concept of Anti-Aging Medicine applies medical science and technology to detect, prevent and reverse aging-related conditions. Through the Anti- Aging Medicine approach, one way to deal with menopausal complaints is hormone replacement therapy [3]. Hormone replacement therapy is the therapy