INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS ISSN(print): 2643-9840, ISSN(online): 2643-9875 Volume 06 Issue 11 November 2023 DOI: 10.47191/ijmra/v6-i11-55, Impact Factor: 7.022 Page No. 5420- 5429 IJMRA, Volume 6 Issue 11 November 2023 www.ijmra.in Page 5420 The Future of the Environmental Movement in Indonesia: Case Study of Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia/WALHI (1980- 2020) Julia Kalmirah 1 , Prof. Dr. Dody Prayogo 2 , Dr. Ricardi Adnan 3 1,2,3 University of Indonesia, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences. ABSTRACT: This research examines how environmental movement in Indonesia was formed using the experience of the Indonesian Forum for Environment (WALHI) in facing challenges such as the situation of ecological crisis and increasing environmental damage, the political situation and the situation of civil society and certainly affects the future strategy of the environmental movement. The research uses an organizational phase approach to see the environment movement dynamic from pioneering into associative phase for 40 years of the environmental movement presented by WALHI. Data collection was carried out through interviews, activists’ reflections, informal conversations and by being present at various occasions. This research is a reflective process for the environmental movement, in determining strategic choices to support advocacy work and saving the environment, as well as expanding the environmental movement in Indonesia. As the largest environmental organization in Indonesia, WALHI has provided a role and influence in building and strengthening the environmental movement as well as setting an environmental reform agenda and framing environmental issues as a collective responsibility. KEYWORDS: environmental organization, organizational phase, environmental movement, environmental advocacy, Indonesia Forum for Environment. A. INTRODUCTION Environmental damage occurs because of the clash between economic interests and ecological interests. Jared Diamond (2005) in his famous book Collapse: How Societies to Fail or Succeed mentions that the planetary bricks consisting of climate change, chemical pollution, ozone destruction, water availability, biodiversity loss, land use change, ocean acidity - some of them are exceeding the so-called safe space for humans. Indonesia lost 8.1 million ha of primary forest cover from 2000-2015 based on data from Global Forest Watch issued by the World Resources Institute which has analyzed tree cover loss within primary forests and legal boundaries of land-based concessions (4.5 million ha) and outside concessions (3.6 million ha). Complemented by data from Indonesia Corruption Watch in 2017 calculating indications of state losses due to forest deforestation from 2006-2015 amounted to Rp. 499.507 trillion. The tragedy of the extractive industry in East Java in May 2006 resulted in an irreversible leak that caused a mudflow that submerged settlements, agriculture and industry in 3 sub-districts covering an area of 400 ha, more than 45 thousand people were displaced and total losses reached 3.8 trillion. This ecological disaster has paralyzed economic activity in the region. Along with the exploitation of natural resources that causes ecological and social impacts, including deforestation, loss of living space as examples above, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Indonesia began to grow to respond to various issues related to development policies that are carried out, especially the negative impact of policies on society and the environment. George Aditjondro (GAJ) 1 divides into several trends. The first trend is that NGOs are professionalizing grassroots programs and enjoying increasing assistance from donor agencies such as church agencies in Western Europe, government aid such as USAID, and even the World Bank. The second trend is the emergence of Indonesia's first Minister of Population and Environment, Dr. Emil Salim, who is considered to be one of the proponents of NGOs, especially environmental NGOs in Indonesia. Dr. Emil Salim's view of NGOs is simple, as long as the goal of NGOs is to improve the environment and improve people's welfare, 1 George Junius Aditjondro. 2003. Patterns of the Environmental Movement, Reflections on Saving the Environment from Capital Expansion. Student Library