Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol. 13, No. 1, February 2024, pp. 254~263 ISSN: 2302-9285, DOI: 10.11591/eei.v13i1.6032  254 Journal homepage: http://beei.org New developments and trends in 5G technologies: applications and concepts Silas Soo Tyokighir 1 , Joseph Mom 1 , Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor 2 , Gabriel Igwue 1 1 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi, Nigeria 2 Department of Physics, Edo State University, Uzairue, Nigeria Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Feb 16, 2023 Revised Aug 2, 2023 Accepted Aug 30, 2023 Fifth-generation (5G) wireless technology is the most up-to-date iteration of mobile data networks. This research analyzes the effectiveness of next- generation mobile networks in tandem with mobile communication technologies. Various difficulties encountered at each stage are discussed. With the advent of 5G networks, users may connect to the internet at lightning speeds from almost any location. 5G is one of a kind because of its new characteristics, which allow it to link people and enable them to operate gadgets, machines, and things. 5G mobile technology’s varying speed and capabilities will allow for new user experiences and link new businesses. Companies must know where they can best put 5G to use. This research paper examines and analyzes various topics in great detail, demonstrating how mmWave, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (massive MIMO), microcells, mobile edge computing (MEC), beamforming, diverse antenna technologies, and so on can all work together to improve cellular networks. The primary goals of this article are to demonstrate some of the most recent technical developments and to analyze potential future research directions for the 5G mobile system. Keywords: Beam forming Millimeter wave Mobile system Multiple-input and multiple- output Next generation This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Silas Soo Tyokighir Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University 2373 University Road, Makurdi, Nigeria Email: tyokighir.soo@uam.edu.ng 1. INTRODUCTION The previous three decades have seen a meteoric rise in wireless communication, from the 1G period to the current 4G era [1], [2]. This research was motivated by the need for exceptionally low latency and enormous network capacity. Among the potential improvements that 5G might bring to customers are increased download speeds, improved quality of service (QoS), decreased latency, expanded coverage, increased reliability, and reduced prices. The fifth-generation network (5G) services may be categorized as follows: − Ultra-high-definition (UHD) video streaming with virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR): these are all feasible with the architecture of super-fast wireless internet (SWI) due to its support for multiple media types and its ability to distribute data at high speeds while maintaining reasonable latency. − The third generation partnership project (3GPP): with this innovation, massive machine-type communication (MTC) is possible. It’s a cheap and effective way for machines to talk to one another across long distances and with plenty of data. With MTC, mobile carriers may simplify devices while providing fast data rates, low battery consumption, and comprehensive area coverage, making them ideal for internet of things (IoT) applications.