NATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH print ISSN: 2249 4995│eISSN: 2277 8810 Volume 3│Issue 3│July – Sept 2013 Page 277 ORIGINAL ARTICLE ROLE OF UTERINE SHAPE AND VOLUME ABNORMALITIES IN RECURRENT PREGNANCY LOSS (RPL) Satyanarayana A Kongathi 1 , Pratixa Z Chaudhari 1 , Jigisha U Chauhan 1 , Priyanka C Patel 1 , Akshay M Chaudhari 2 Authors’ Affiliation: 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, SMIMER, Surat; 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, GMC, Surat Correspondence: Dr. Satyanarayana A Kongathi, Email: satyadr73@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Background: Certain uterine factors like bicornuate, unicornuate and septate uterus being prime examples are more predictably associated and repeated pregnancy loss. These can be accurately investigated by HSG, 2D Transabdo- minal Sonography and Transvaginal Sonography. Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional study conducted on the patients of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) with history of two or more abortion with no live issue coming to the Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) of Sheth K.M.School of Post Graduate Medicine and Research, Ahmedabad. The study was based on the interview consisting of preformed questionnaire with the cases of RPL followed by the detail investigation by hysterosalpin- gography (HSG), 2D ultrasonography (Transabdominal Sonography (TAS) and Transvaginal Sonography (TVS)). Results: It was found that 11.8% of the cases of RPL were due to uterine malformations. Decrease in the uterine volume was observed in 3 out of 35 cases of RPL patients. HSG and 2D TVS were correctly able to diagnose all the 4 cases of uterine malformations. Conclusion: It is concluded that 10 percent of our cases of recurrent pregnancy loss are due to uterine malforma- tions. HSG and 2D TVS has equal sensitivity in detecting uterine malformations. Keywords: Uterine volume, Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Sonography INTRODUCTION Spontaneous termination of pregnancy before 20 th week of gestation with weight < 500 gm occurring at least 3 times in succession is considered as recurrent pregnancy loss. 1 The anomalous uterus has long been recognized as a cause of obstetric complication. Recurrent preg- nancy loss, preterm labour, abnormal fetal presentation and prematurity constitute the major reproductive prob- lem encountered with developmental and acquired ute- rine malformations. 2 Whereas certain factors like shape of uterus and volume of uterus described as causal role in early pregnancy loss. Distinction must further be made between failure to conceive and subsequent poor nidation or early pregnancy wastage. 3 Thus certain uterine factors like bicornuate, unicornuate and septate uterus being prime examples are more pre- dictably associated and repeated pregnancy loss. 4 These can be accurately investigated by HSG, 2D Transabdo- minal Sonography and Transvaginal sonography. 4 Most common used tool for diagnosis of uterine anomalies is HSG. 5 But HSG be technically complicated by several factors. The bicornuate uterus cannot always be reliably diagnosed with 2D USG except with co-existing preg- nancy and other methods of diagnosis such as hysteros- copy and HSG are superior in these cases. 5 The investi- gations used in concluding the anatomic uterine anoma- lies causing recurrent pregnancy loss is focused in our study. OBJECTIVE The present study was planned with an objective to study role of uterine shape and volume factors in RPL in patients attending obstetrics and gynecology OPD. METHODOLOGY The present study is a cross-sectional study conducted on the patients of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) with history of two or more abortion with no live issue com- ing to the Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) of Sheth K.M.School of Post Graduate Medicine and Research, Ahemdabad. The present study was conducted during July 1999 to June 2000 over a period of one year. The study was based on the interview consisting of pre- formed questionnaire with the cases of RPL followed by the detail investigation by hysterosalpingography, 2D ultrasonography (Transabdominal Sonography (TAS)