(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications Vol. 14, No. 1, 2023 547 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Risk Analysis of Urban Water Infrastructure Systems in Cauayan City Rafael J. Padre 1 , Melanie A. Baguio 2 , Edward B. Panganiban 3 , Rudy U. Panganiban 4 , Carluz R. Bautista 5 , Justine Ryan L. Rigates 6 , Allisandra Pauline Mariano 7 Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines 1, 2, 3, 4 Department of Science and Technology, Philippines 5, 6, 7 Abstract—The City of Cauayan Isabela is known as one of the first smart cities and leading agro-industrial centers in the Philippines. Since the center of the economy is in urban areas like Cauayan City, there is a tendency for people and businesses to converge when development and activity take place, with that, a risk analysis was done to analyze hazards for urban water infrastructures in the City of Cauayan. This paper includes an Inventory of the existing urban water infrastructure, with the aid of Geographic Information system Software and gathered data, maps were generated for flood hazards with 5, 25, and 100 yr. return period, liquefaction, ground shaking, and drought of urban water infrastructures. These maps were generated to help the people of Cauayan City, Isabela. The main goal of the paper is to assess the potential prone areas where water infrastructures are located, and monitor areas that are suitable for building such water infrastructures. Problems encountered by the people in utilizing urban water infrastructure can be able to minimize by proper installation of water infrastructures in suitable places which can help the people of the city in water utilization. Since Storm water can cause wide flooding in low elevated areas, to utilize the storm water and to address such problems, an urban water infrastructure with decision support systems intervention can be able to help the city in times of scarcity of water. In addition, the analysis can be used by the local government of the city for proper planning and to project the extent of the hazards. Keywords—Water infrastructure; risk analysis; geographic information systems; decision support systems; storm water I. INTRODUCTION Urban places like Cauayan City in the province of Isabela have a growing population which is a sign that the water demand will increase in future years. Building water infrastructures in places that are prone to hazards like flood, drought, liquefaction, and ground shaking will cause trouble in water utilization which leads to limited sources of water. Thoroughly hazards like flood, drought, liquefaction, and ground shaking will affect the growing economy of the City, and to mitigate the effects of future hazards, a risk analysis can able to help people to assess the areas where water infrastructures can be installed and for proper planning. Risk analysis is the process of identifying and assessing potential issues that could negatively impact important business initiatives and operations [1]. This process is utilized in mitigating or reducing certain risks. When performing a risk analysis, adverse events are taken into account, caused by either natural phenomenon, such as severe storms, earthquakes, or floods, or undesirable occurrences brought about by intentional or unintentional human activities. In addition, the process of a risk analysis helps determine the potential harm from these occurrences, as well as the probability of its occurrences [2]. One of the most frequent types of natural disasters is floods, occurring when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually dry [3]. Floods brought by heavy rainfall can result in a wide range of devastation of critical public health infrastructure, damage of personal property, agricultural sector, and loss of life. From 1998-2017, 2 (two) billion people worldwide were affected by floods [4]. The most vulnerable to floods were the people who live in floodplains or non-resistant buildings, places that are not aware of flooding hazards, or lack warning systems. In this case, a flood risk assessment (FRA) can be done, reviewing the development of documents for its proposal form to consider the possibility of flooding from rivers or groundwater, surface water from sewer sources, estuaries, or even the coast, It must also consider the community and whether a flood risk exists with the development risk to adjacent areas. Historically, saturated soils have been primarily linked to liquefaction in soils. Unsaturated soils may also be prone to liquefaction in the presence of seismic activity. The consequences of not prioritizing unsaturated soils that are close to saturation as the first rule for liquefaction assessment can be dangerous and disastrous. Ground shaking is the second main risk for earthquakes due to rapid ground acceleration [5]. There are various levels of ground shaking in one region depending on aspects like topography, type of bedrock, and location and orientation of the fault rupture, all of these have an impact on how seismic waves travel through the ground. Suppose an earthquake is strong enough to cause significant damage to established structures, and sloped terrain may become unstable temporarily or permanently. In a wider extent of earthquakes, districts can be completely destroyed by the effects of ground shaking. In the natural climate cycle, a drought is a protracted dry period that can happen anywhere. The lack of precipitation makes it a disaster with a slow onset that causes in a shortage of water. Drought can seriously affect agriculture, health, energy, economies, and the environment [6] . Drought affects an estimated 55 million people worldwide every year, and they are the greatest threat to livestock and crops almost everywhere in the world [7]. Due to drought, the livelihood of