NATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH print ISSN: 2249 4995│eISSN: 2277 8810 Volume 3│Issue 4│Oct – Dec 2013 Page 346 ORIGINAL ARTICLE PREVALENCE OF TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN AN URBAN SLUM OF PUNE CITY, INDIA Reshma S Patil 1 , Jayashree S Gothankar 1 Authors’ Affiliation: 1 Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India Correspondence: Dr. Reshma S Patil, Email: reshsu2001@yahoo.co.in ABSTRACT Aim and Objectives: To find the prevalence of known cases of diabetes in urban slum of Pune city and its association with risk factors. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in field practice area of Urban Health Training Center in the age group of 20 years and above comprising of total 1779 subjects. Risk factors like age, waist circumference, and family history of diabetes and physical activities were assessed to find their association with diabetes. Results: Prevalence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus found in present study was 4.6% with equal prevalence in both the sex. Higher prevalence of diabetes in males was found in the age group of >60 years while in females prevalence has occurred a decade earlier i.e. in 51-60 years. Abdominal obesity in females, family history of diabetes were found positively associated with diabetes while there was no significant association found between diabetes and physical activity. Conclusion: Awareness regarding risk factors in community is necessary for control of diabetes in known cases of diabetes and for early diagnosis in future cases. Keywords: Type -2DiabetesMellitus, Prevalence, urban INTRODUCTION Diabetes is one of the major causes of premature illness and death worldwide.The prevalence of diabetes is rising all over the world. According to recent estimates, approximately 285 million people worldwide (6.6%) in the 20–79 year age group are with diabetes in 2010 and by 2030, 438 million people (7.8%) of the adult population, is expected to have diabetes. The global increase in the prevalence of diabetes is due to population growth, aging, urbanization and an increase of obesity and physical inactivity. 1,2,3 The real burden of the disease is however due to its micro and macro vascular complications which lead to increased morbidity and mortality and loss of productivity and foregone economic growth. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicted net losses in national income from diabetes and cardiovascular disease of 336.6 billion in India between 2005 and 2015. 1,4,5 According to The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimation India will have rise in people living with diabetes up to 87.0 million by 2030 from 50.8 million (2010),making it the 'Diabetes Capital' of the world. 1,6 This prevalence is increasing not only in urban but also in rural area. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, the prevalence of known diabetes was 5.6% and 2.7% among urban and rural areas, respectively. 7 Situation of diabetes in Maharashtra is not different. In Urban area an increasing trend is observed from 1.5% (1963) to 9.3% (2001) in Mumbai and in rural area a similar trend is seen i.e.3.9% (1991) to 9.3% (2006). Also in Pune the prevalence of diabetes in 2007 was 8.5% as per the Indian Industrial Population study Group. 8 For obtaining disease estimates the only reliable method is to conduct field studies. As the literature review doesn’t reveal major studies from Pune area, to address this demand, the present study was undertaken with the objective of determining prevalence of diabetes. AIM & OBJECTIVES Aim of the study was to find the prevalence of known cases of diabetes in urban slum of Pune city. Objectives of this study were to identify the associated risk factors in the study population; and to assess the relationship of diabetes with risk factors like age, abdominal obesity, family history and physical activity.