Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol. 34, No. 2, May 2024, pp. 941~949 ISSN: 2502-4752, DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v34.i2.pp941-949  941 Journal homepage: http://ijeecs.iaescore.com Design and implementation of duty cycle-based futuristic clustering technique in WSN Trupti Shripad Tagare, Rajashree Narendra Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India Article Info ABSTRACT Article history: Received Jan 19, 2024 Revised Feb 21, 2024 Accepted Feb 23, 2024 In recent times, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their applications have exhibited a remarkable surge. These networks strive to devise and implement strategies that optimize network energy utilization, thereby extending their operational lifespan. An energy efficient network can be achieved using renewable source of energy and by controlling the duty cycle of nodes. The pivotal role of duty cycle in curtailing energy consumption in WSNs cannot be overstated. In this work, we introduce a novel duty cycle based futuristic clustering technique (DCBFCT) employing a nearest neighbor approach. This technique selectively induces sleep and awake modes in nodes, effectively minimizing the network’s overall energy consumption and, consequently, prolonging its lifespan. It calculates optimal node duty cycle values based on distance. Results demonstrate a substantial reduction in energy consumption, exhibiting an improved network lifetime. Empirical results presented in this study not only affirm the effectiveness of DCBFCT but also contribute valuable insights toward the development of sustainable and resilient WSNs in the era of burgeoning sensor network applications. The experimentation is conducted using the MATLAB/Simulink tool, considering diverse cases. The scalability and versatility of DCBFCT make it suitable for deployment in real-world applications, ranging from environmental monitoring to industrial automation. Keywords: Cluster head Clustering Duty cycle Energy efficiency Heterogeneity Lifetime Wireless sensor network This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license. Corresponding Author: Trupti Shripad Tagare Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Shavige Malleshwara Hills, Kumarswamy Layout, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Email: truptitagare-ece@dayanandasagar.edu 1. INTRODUCTION Advancements in engineering and technology have unlatched wide scope of study in the arena of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) WSNs that explore efficient means of clustering data and communicating the information WSNs demonstrate gargantuan technical potential for it to be espoused in versatile applications like healthcare, bio diversity mapping, surveillance, agriculture, smart industries, and smart homes. Considering the vitality of WSNs in multipurpose applications and its paramount role in internet of things (IoT), researchers are incessantly working on design of modules that efficiently utilize energy while maximizing the lifetime of the network. In this work, duty cycle of nodes is varied depending on the distance of the node from cluster head (CH). Each node will be in awake mode or sleep mode for different durations. This technique can be implemented in WSNs to increase the energy efficiency of network. Duty cycle of each sensor node in the network can be varied based on any one of the parameters viz, transmission time, distance between nodes and speed of dynamic nodes. Tagare and Narendra [1] we proposed an energy efficient clustering technique with the use of renewable solar energy. The CH would be selected based on