Anat Histol Embryol. 2020;00:1–7. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ahe | 1 © 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH
1 | INTRODUCTION
The African giant rat (AGR) is found in abundance in the rainforests,
grasslands and human habitations of Central and West Africa (Ali
et al., 2011; Nzalak et al., 2015). The rat is social living in burrows,
around drains and houses and is seen frequently at night. The animal
walks and runs on the four legs and is a good climber and jumper
(Nzalak et al., 2015).
Research interest in the African giant has increased in order
to understand its biology, potential for domestication and adapta-
tion for laboratory use with these researches covering such areas
as anatomy of the forebrain (Nzalak et al., 2008), gastrointestinal
tract (Ali et al., 2008), skeleton (Salami et al., 2011), spinal cord
(Olude et. al., 2015), reproduction (Ali et al., 2011), thermoregulation
(Dzenda et al., 2011) and feed and water consumption (Dzenda et al.,
2013) of the AGR.
Received: 7 August 2019
|
Revised: 25 September 2020
|
Accepted: 14 October 2020
DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12630
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Morphology of the spinal nerves from the cervical segments of
the spinal cord of the African giant rat (Cricetomys Gambianus)
Sunday Men Maidawa
1
| Magdalene Nkweshi Ali
1
| Jibrin Imam
1
|
Suleiman Olawoye Salami
2
| Adamu Zoaka Hassan
3
| Samuel Adeniyi Ojo
1
1
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello
University, Zaria, Nigeria
2
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin,
Ilorin, Nigeria
3
Department of Veterinary Surgery and
Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Correspondence
Sunday Men Maidawa, Department of
Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria,
Nigeria.
Email: menmaidawajr@gmail.com
Abstract
This study provides detailed description of the gross morphology and distribution of
the nerves arising from the cervical segments of the spinal cord of the African Giant
Rat (AGR).
Two (2) AGRs were used for this study. The rats were euthanized using halothane.
The skin and superficial fascia were removed, and dissection of the muscles in the
cervical region and thoracic limbs was carried out. The vertebral canal was opened
by means of a rongeur. Eight (8) pairs of spinal nerves (C1–C8) arose from the cervical
segments of the spinal cord of the AGR by means of dorsal and ventral roots which
merged lateral to the spinal cord to form spinal nerves. Each cervical spinal nerve
divided into a dorsal and ventral ramus just before exiting the intervertebral foramen.
The dorsal rami divided into medial and lateral branches distributed on the medial
faces of the semispinalis and splenius muscles, respectively. The ventral rami of C1,
C2 and a branch from C3 interconnected to form the cervical plexus from which
branches were distributed to the M. cleidomstoideus, M. cleidooccipitalis, M. oc-
cipitoscapularis, M. omotransversarius and M. trapezius. The ventral rami of C5,
C6, C7, C8 and T1 (first thoracic spinal nerve) interconnected to form the brachial
plexus. The cervical spinal nerves gave rise to dorsal rami or primary branches that
supplied the skin and muscles of the dorsal part of the neck and the ventral primary
branches which interconnected to give rise to the cervical plexus and brachial plex-
uses of the AGR.
KEYWORDS
African giant rat, brachial plexus, cervical plexus, morphology, spinal nerves