Journal of Positive School Psychology http://journalppw.com 2023, Vol. 7, No. 1, 1356-1370 Couple Satisfaction Index-16: Translation And Validation In Pakistan Rahat Bakhteyar 1 , Dr. Sadaf Ahsan 2 , Dr. Sameena Humayun Khan 3 , Dr. Andleeb Akhtar 4 1 Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Psychology, Foundation University Islamabad, PakistanCorresponding author’s E- mail: rahat.psy@fui.edu.pk 2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology,Foundation University Islamabad, PakistanE-mail: sdfmuneer@yahoo.com 3 Lecturer, Department of Psychology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, PakistanE-mail: sameenahumayun@yahoo.com 4 Lecturer, Department of Psychology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, PakistanE- mail:andleebmalik81@yahoo.com Abstract The Couple Satisfaction Index-16 (CSI-16) is being translated into Urdu in Pakistan. WHOguidelines were used. Data was collected from 150 married couples from Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Confirmatory factor analysis of the data revealed factor loadings of all the items ranging from .40 to .88.High reliability (.95) was found in Urdu CSI-16. Keywords: Couple Satisfaction Index, confirmatory factor analysis, WHO guidelines,translation, reliability and validity. Introduction The Couple Satisfaction Index-16 (CSI-16) was selected to measure marital satisfaction because it is a precise and practically useful instrument for the measurement of marital satisfaction in the literature. The CSI-16 has not been translated into Urdu yet. Hence, in order tofill this gap, this study was focused on translation and validation of CSI-16 in Pakistan. Literature supporting the construct validity of marital satisfaction has never attempted to be precise and never undergone item analysis (Bradbury, Fincham& Beach, 2000) before the development of Couple Satisfaction Indices. Sabbourin, Vaois and Lussier (2005) have developed Dyadic Adjustment Scale-7 (DAS-7) and Karney and Bradbury (1997) have developed Semantic Differential for assessing satisfaction in relationships (Karney & Bradbury, 1997). Funk and Rogge (2007) studied marital satisfaction using Item Response Theory (IRT). In the development of original CSI scales, 180 satisfaction statements were used with 5,315 respondents. The sample included 23.6% married individuals who were modestly happy. They were at least 18 years old. Recruitment was done online. Both partners of a couple did not participate in the original study. The instrument took 25 to 30 minutes to be completed. Principal component analysis was done. Finally, 32 items of the Couple Satisfaction index (CSI- 32) were obtained. CSI-16 and CSI-4 were obtained by selecting the best items from CSI-32. It was shown through analysis that CSI- 32 and CSI-16 were better in precision and power than Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) and Marital Adjustment Test (MAT). CSI scales showed high internal consistency and convergent validity. However, the precision and efficiency of CSI scales dropped when the satisfaction in the sample increases. In the field of marital satisfaction, there