Indian Journal of Canine Practice Volume 14 Issue 1, June, 2022 ISSN: 2277-6729 e-ISSN: 2349-4174 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) Pyometra in a Female Dog - A Case Report Shilpa Sood, Nawab Nashirruddullah, Shafiqur Rahman, Ankur Sharma, Deep Shikha Sankalp Sharma and Satuti Sharma Division of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry SKUAST-J, RS Pura, Jammu. [Received: 20.07.2019; Accepted: 04.05.2022] {DOI 10.29005/IJCP.2022.14.1.52-53} ABSTRACT A seven year old Labrador bitch was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, RS Pura, Jammu, with the history of abdominal distention, sanguino- purulent vaginal discharge, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia lethargy, depression and pyrexia. Treatment was initiated immediately but the bitch had died after two days. Post mortem examination revealed presence of distended uterus having congested serosa and accumulation of yellow to greenish thin watery off smelling exudate. The detail gross and histopathological changes of the uterus in the pyometra affected bitch were presented in the case study. Key words: Myometrium, Neutrophilia, Polydipsia, Pyometra, Uterus INTRODUCTION Pyometra is a common uterine pathology in which enlargement of uterus with accumulation of pus in the uterine lumen occurs. It affects middle aged to older female dogs from 6.4 to 9.5 years (Gibson et al., 2013). The disease has been shown to affect around 19% of all female dogs before the age of 10 years (Jitpean et al., 2012). Pyometra develops due to secondary infection following progesterone mediated thickening of uterine wall, commonly known as cystic endometrial hyperplasia (Feldman and Nelson, 2004). Case History and Methods A female Labrador was presented to Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-J, RS Pura, Jammu. The bitch was suffering from high fever and was anorectic, depressed, had abdominal distention along with sanguino-purulent vaginal discharge. Fluid therapy and antibiotic therapy was initiated immediately. Blood sample was collected for haematology. On haematology neutrophilia with left shift was evident. The bitch was treated with lutalyse @ 1.5 mg/kg bid I/M for 1-2 days followed by 0.25mg/kg for next 5-7 days but within 2 days the animal died and the carcass was subjected to post mortem examination. Samples were collected from the uterus for microbial culture and histopathological examination. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION On necropsy examination, an enormously enlarged uterus was found to occupy the abdominal cavity (Fig. 1). The serosal wall of uterus was severely congested and the uterine tissue was friable. The liver was dark reddish black in colour and the lungs were heavy, edematous and congested. Kidneys were soft and friable and mild congestive and haemorrhagic lesions were appreciated in the gastrointestinal tract. Dissection of uterus yielded approx. 5L of greenish brown exudate (Fig 2). The wall of the uterus was thin. On histopathology, the mucosa of the uterus was severely effected and in a few places remnants of endometrial epithelium could be appreciated. The inflammatory exudate comprised of lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils were present which was supported by the earlier findings (Pretzer 2008; Biswas et al., 2012). Uterine glands were atrophied (Fig. 3). In bacteriological examination, presence of Fig 1: Severely dilated uterus occupying entire abdominal cavity 52