Prevalence and Clinical Evaluation of Rotavirus
Influences
Pervaiz A Shah
1
*, Saad-Bin-Haroon
2
, Ejaz Ahmad Khan
2
, Taha Nazir
3
, Saeed Ur
Rasheed Nazir
4
*, Muhammad Muneeb
1
, Iradat Husain
5
and Umer Farooq
6
1
Punjab University College of Pharmacy, Pakistan
2
Health Services Academy, PM National Health Complex, Pakistan
3
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Research Group, Advanced Multiple Incorporation, Mississauga ON
Canada
4
Faculty of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pakistan
5
Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pakistan
6
Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Pakistan
Introduction
Rotavirus infection is common in young children & the leading cause of diarrhoea [1,2],
killing around 53,300 children in Pakistan each year. Pakistan just introduced the Rotavirus
Vaccine (RVV) in EPI routine vaccination in 2017. Overall coverage of all basic vaccines in
Pakistan is about 66% of which DPT-3 has 75%, measles vaccine 73%, and IPV 64% coverage.
As RVV is recently introduced in Pakistan and there is less evidence-based data about its
coverage, helpful or discouraging determinants and drop-out are available which has been
assessed by this study
Global
A study regarding Rotavirus Vaccine coverage & its adherence to recommended age among
infants was performed in Belgium revealed 92% coverage of rotavirus vaccine. It was reported
by this study that impartial vaccination has been often parent choice due to factors include
Crimson Publishers
Wings to the Research
Mini Review
*Corresponding author: Saeed Ur
Rasheed Nazir and Pervaiz A Shah,
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Pharmacy,
College of Pharmacy, University of
Sargodha, Sargodha 40100 and Assistant
Professor, Punjab University College of
Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore
54000, Pakistan
Submission: March 10, 2022
Published: March 25, 2022
Volume 2 - Issue 4
How to cite this article: Pervaiz A Shah*,
Saad-Bin-Haroon, Ejaz Ahmad Khan,
Taha Nazir, Saeed Ur Rasheed Nazir*,
Muhammad Muneeb, Iradat Husain and
Umer Farooq. Prevalence and Clinical
Evaluation of Rotavirus Influences.
Determ in Nanomed & Nanotech. 2(4).
DNN. 000543. 2022.
DOI: 10.31031/DNN.2022.02.000543
Copyright© Saeed Ur Rasheed Nazir and
Pervaiz A Shah, This article is distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International License,
which permits unrestricted use and
redistribution provided that the original
author and source are credited.
1 Determinations in Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology
Abstract
Rotavirus infection is the leading cause of death in children in Pakistan. Pakistan introduced the rotavirus
vaccine in 2017. There is less evidence-based data available about its coverage. Globally, the rotavirus
vaccine has reduced hospital admissions to a significant number. For example, in Belgium, coverage was
92% whereas, in England, there was a 70% decrease in cases of rotavirus infection. According to experts,
the rotavirus immunization would halve the number of hospital admissions. According to the WHO, 48%
of countries that had introduced the vaccination scenario are the low-middle-income countries and
there is a 7% reduction in hospitalization upon 10% introduction of the vaccine. Regionally, in Lebanon,
the overall exposure of the immunization in children was 90% and all the credit goes to the mother’s
education and awareness of the healthcare providers. In China, 25.3% coverage of vaccines was seen
in Guangzhou province. However, in India parents were reluctant to try new vaccines on their children.
24% and 43-62% coverage of the rotavirus vaccine in children aged less than two years and less than
12 months respectively were recorded in 2017 in Pakistan. This coverage reduced 40% in health and
economic burden of Pakistan. A descriptive study on 1-3 years children was conducted in OPD of Military
hospital, Rawalpindi, where it was concluded that around 57.1% of children are fully and 33.6% are
partially vaccinated. However, still these figures did not meet the benchmark of vaccination. These
statistics cannot be applied to the whole country since socio-demographic parameters vary in urban and
rural areas.
Keywords: Rotavirus vaccine; Diarrhoea; Coverage evaluation; Vaccination; Qualitative determinants for
vaccination
Abbreviations: RVV: Rotavirus Vaccine; ICER: Incremental Cost-Effective Ratio; DTAP: Diphtheria-
Tetanus-Acellular-Pertussis
ISSN : 2832-4439