INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH & MEDICAL RESEARCH ISSN(print): 2833-213X, ISSN(online): 2833-2148 Volume 03 Issue 01 January 2024 DOI : 10.58806/ijhmr.2024.v3i1n01 Page No. 01-07 IJHMR, Volume 3 Issue 01 January 2024 www.ijhmr.com Page 1 Physicochemical Determination of Ethyl Acetate Extract and n-Hexane Extract of Azadiractha indica A. Juss Leaves Yuri Pratiwi Utami 1 , Nurzadrina Wahyuddin 2 , Ainun Jariah 3 , Rahma Mustari 3 , Imelda Desi 4 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almarisah Madani, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. 2 Department of pharmacology and Clinical Pharmaceutical, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almarisah Madani, Indonesia. 3 Program of Pharmacy Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. 4 Bachelor of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almarisah Madani, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. ABSTRACT: Background: Neem (Azadiractha indica A. Juss) as a tropical and subtropical plant has been widely used in traditional medicine since prehistoric times. Several biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have been demonstrated in Neem extract. Aim: The study aims to research was carried out on the physicochemical properties of neem leaves (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) using ethyl acetate and n-hexane as solvents. Methode: In this study, Azadiractha indica A. Juss leaves was extracted using a maceration method with two fluids namely ethyl acetate a n-hexane. The extract based on six parameters from determining physicochemical properties, namely % yield, organoleptic, determination of dissolved compound levels, phytochemical screening, determination of drying Shrinkage and determination of specific weight. Result : The results of this study showed, the yield obtained for each solvent is 6.218% ethyl acetate extract and 0.968 % n-hexane extract. Organoleptic examination (form, colour, smell and flavor) for ethyl acetate extract was thick, blackish green, distinctive smell and bitter, and than n-hexan extract was thick, brownish yellow, odorless and bitter. In the ethyl acetate extract, the levels of compounds dissolved in water and ethanol solvents were 16.84 % ± 0.061 and 68.29 % ± 0.042 respectively. The levels of compounds in the n-hexane extract dissolved in water and ethanol were 4.26% ± 0.064 and 23.18% ± 0.049, respectively. The results of the phytochemical screening for ethyl acetate extract of neem leaves are alkaloids and flavonoids. Meanwhile, n-Hexane extract from neem leaves contains alkaloids and terpenoids. The drying loss values obtained from ethyl acetate extract and n-Hexan extract of neem leaves were 4.748% ± 0.257 and 5.219% ± 0.089. Specific gravity obtained from The dilution of ethyl acetate extract and n-hexane extract of neem leaves was 1.0389 g/mL ± 0.039 and 1.0289 g/mL ± 0.038. Conclusion: This study showed that variations in solvents in extraction can affect the physicochemical properties. The extract with ethyl acetate solvent showed better physicochemical properties where the extract obtained in % yield, soluble compound content, phytochemical screening, determination of drying Shrinkage and determination of specific weight was better compared to the extract with n-hexane. KEYWORDS: Azadiractha indica A. Juss, Neem Leaf, Physicochemical Determination. I. INTRODUCTION Plants such as Neem originate from India, while others can be found in the forests of Southeast Asia, including Mauritius and the Caribbean; Fiji; America & South Asia; Sri Lanka; Malaysia/Pakistan; Thailand; Andhra Pradesh. The northern coast of Lombok, Bali, Subang and East Java in Indonesia are places where neem is widely planted [1]. Neem as a tropical and subtropical plant has been widely used in traditional medicine since prehistoric times. Several biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti- inflammatory and antioxidant properties, have been demonstrated in Neem extract [2]. Almost all parts of the neem plant, including stems, leaves and seeds, contain bioactive compounds [3]. Bioactive compounds found in neem include azadirone, promeliacin, limonoid, gedunin, bilasinin, C-secomeliacin, azadirachtin, nimbin, salanin and other non-osprenoids, amino acids/proteins, polysaccharides, flavonoids, β-sitosterol, hyperosid, nimbolide , quercetin, quercitrin [4]. The neem plant, especially the seeds and leaves, contains several secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids,