Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3 Applied Physics A (2022) 128:283 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-022-05423-1 High‑frequency applications of bismuth‑doped Co–Zn ferrite nanoparticles for electromagnetic interference filter and multilayer inductor chip fabrication Khalid Mujasam Batoo 1  · Muhammad Hadi 2  · Ankush Chauhan 3,4  · Ritesh Verma 4  · Mahavir Singh 5  · Omar M. Aldossary 2  · Gagan Kumar Bhargava 6 Received: 9 December 2021 / Accepted: 21 February 2022 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature 2022 Abstract In this paper, we report the synthesis of single-phase nanoparticles of Bi 3+ -doped cobalt zinc ferrite by employing the sol– gel auto combustion technique where the average crystallite size ranges between 11 and 18 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectra show the presence of two prominent peaks around 400 cm −1 and 593 cm −1 . The magnetic studies reveal that all the samples exhibit ferrimagnetic ordering where both the saturation magnetization and magnetocrystalline anisotropy decrease due to the spin canting effect caused by the Bi ions. The dielectric constant decreases, while the permeability increases with Bi 3+ ion substitution, followed by a decrease in the magnetic loss. The total shielding effectiveness (SE T ) value increased with doping and a maximum value of 12.8 dB was reported for the composition x = 0.15. The shielding effectiveness due to the absorption (SE A ) decreases with frequency, while the shielding effectiveness due to reflection (SE R ) increases with frequency and doping, which shows that the sample is a good choice for the electromagnetic interference filter application and multilayer inductor chip fabrication. Keywords Ferrites · Nanoparticles · XRD · Dielectric · EMI shielding 1 Introduction Electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution is caused by the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the input sig- nal of electronic devices which is threatening human health and also regressing the efficiency of electronic equipment [1]. Thus, it is important to remove or to pacify the impact of EMI pollution on human health and on electronic equip- ment by using some specific materials that can shield the electronic device from electromagnetic interference. In this regard, EMI shielding materials attracted researchers across the globe, because these materials have the potential to dis- sipate the energy of the electromagnetic waves by shielding them [2, 3]. EMI shielding in general is a three-way process where shielding materials reflect, absorb, and repeat the reflection of electromagnetic waves [4]. The necessary con- dition for the shielding mechanism is that material imped- ance must match the free space impedance so that EM waves must be suitably attenuated by the material [5]. Since soft magnetic nanomaterials have been widely used for high-density information storage, drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging, and magneto-optical record- ing [6–11], many researchers also investigated soft ferri- tes for EMI shielding properties [12–17]. Naidu et al. [18] investigated shielding properties in the X-band microwave region of bulk and nano Ni 1-x Mg x Fe 2 O 4 ferrites synthesized using microwave-aided double sintering and hydrothermal * Khalid Mujasam Batoo khalid.mujasam@gmail.com 1 King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Faculty of Allied Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Kelambakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu 603103, India 4 School of Physics and Materials Science, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Bajhol, Solan, Himachal Pradesh 173212, India 5 Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India 6 Department of Physics, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India