Implementation of the Indonesia
Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) Policy on
Oil Palm Plantations in West Kalimantan
https://doi.org/10.18196/jhi.v12i2.15505
Dewi Suratiningsih
Department of International Relations, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
dewi.suratiningsih@fisip.untan.ac.id
Hardilina
Department of Public Administration, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
hardilina@fisip.untan.ac.id
Akhmad Rifky Setya Anugrah
Department of Political Science, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
akhmad.rifky@fisip.untan.ac.id
Safira
Department of International Relations, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
safirafy1999@student.untan.ac.id
Dea Puspita
Department of International Relations, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
puspitadea068@student.untan.ac.id
Submitted: 14 July 2023; Revised: 01 September 2023; Accepted: 14 September 2023
Indonesia merupakan negara dengan produksi kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Namun, kebijakan Renewable Energy Directive (RED) oleh
Parlemen Uni Eropa menyebabkan industri kelapa sawit Indonesia karena mengalami hambatan ekspor ke Eropa karena dianggap tidak
memenuhi prinsip berkelanjutan. Sebagai respon dari kebijakan Uni Eropa tersebut, pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kebijakan Indonesian
Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) pada tahun 2009. Kebijakan ini bertujuan untuk menjamin semua pihak perkebunan kelapa sawit memenuhi
standar pembangunan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang berkelanjutan. Pemerintah Indonesia juga berupaya mempromosikan ISPO ke dunia
internasional. Kalimantan Barat provinsi dengan luas perkebunan kelapa sawit terluas ketiga di Indonesia. Namun, dalam perjalanannya masih
sedikit perusahaan kelapa sawit yang telah memiliki sertifikat ISPO. Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan implementasi
kebijakan Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) di Kalimantan Barat belum efektif. Peneliti menggunakan konsep Pembangunan
Berkelanjutan dan Konsep Implementasi Kebijakan untuk menganalisis masalah dalam penerapan kebijakan ISPO di Kalimantan Barat. Pada
penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian
lapangan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menjelaskan beberapa faktor penghambat implementasi
kebijakan ISPO di Kalimantan Barat, antara lain: isi kebijakan yang tidak spesifik, kendala informasi, belum ada kebijakan publik yang
mendukung implementasi, dan kegagalan distribusi potensi di antara pihak-pihak yang terlibat dan implementasi.
Kata Kunci : implementasi kebijakan, kelapa sawit, Renewable Energy Directive (RED), Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), pembangunan
berkelanjutan.
Abstrak
JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
VOL. 12, NO. 2 (2024)
Abstract
When it comes to palm oil, Indonesia dominates the global market. However, the European Union Parliament’s Renewable Energy Directive (RED)
policy created roadblocks for the Indonesian palm oil industry’s European exports because the product did not adhere to sustainability principles.
In 2009, Indonesia adopted the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) policy in response to the European Union’s RED. This policy aims to
promote sustainable practices on oil palm plantations. The government of Indonesia is likewise working to increase ISPO’s visibility abroad.
Regarding Indonesian provinces, West Kalimantan has the third-largest area dedicated to oil palm plantations. However, only a few palm oil
producers have obtained ISPO certification. This study aims to determine why the ISPO policy was ineffective in West Kalimantan by examining
the challenges of enforcing the policy through the lenses of sustainable development and policy implementation. A descriptive qualitative
method was applied, with data gathered through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Non-specific policy substance,
information restrictions, governmental policies not supporting implementation, and probable distribution problems among the parties engaged
in execution were only a few factors this study cited impeding the ISPO policy implementation in West Kalimantan.
Keywords: policy implementation, palm oil, Renewable Energy Directive (RED), Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), sustainable development.
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