~ 106 ~ International Journal of Advanced Academic Studies 2024; 6(8): 106-108 E-ISSN: 2706-8927 P-ISSN: 2706-8919 www.allstudyjournal.com IJAAS 2024; 6(8): 106-108 Received: 09-06-2024 Accepted: 12-07-2024 B Kamaraj Principal/Ph.D Guide, AKG Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India MK Franklin Shaju Principal/Ph.D Guide, R.V.S College of Physiotherapy, Coimbatore, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Corresponding Author: B Kamaraj Principal/Ph.D Guide, AKG Cooperative Institute of Health Sciences, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala, India Effectiveness of gluteal and hamstring muscles strengthening exercises on low back pain of mechanical origin B Kamaraj and MK Franklin Shaju DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/27068919.2024.v6.i8b.1258 Abstract Background and Purpose: The purpose of the study is to find and compare the effects of gluteal and hamstring muscles strengthening exercises along with interferential therapy and conventional physiotherapy exercises along with interferential therapy on low back pain of mechanical origin. Materials and Methods: In the study 40 mechanical low back pain subjects were selected based on the criteria and randomly divided into two groups, group A and group B, each group consist 20 subjects. Group A subjects were treated with gluteal and hamstring muscles strengthening exercises and group B conventional physiotherapy exercises and both the group subjects received interferential therapy. Low back pain was measured before and after interventions by visual analogue scale. Data Analysis & Results: The calculated paired ‘t’ test values shows significance within groups and the unpaired ‘t’ test value shows between group significance. Conclusion: Low back pain is significantly reduced in both the groups but when comparing both pain is more reduced in gluteal and hamstring muscles strengthening exercises group than conventional physiotherapy exercises group. Keywords: Low back pain, hamstring strengthening exercises, conventional physiotherapy exercises, visual analogue scale Introductions Non-specific or mechanical low back pain is the general term that refers to any type of back pain in the lumbar region that is not related to serious pathology and does not have a specific cause [1] . Non-specific low back pain is usually categorized in 3 subtypes: acute, sub-acute and chronic low back pain. This subdivision is based on the duration of the back pain. Acute low back pain is an episode of low back pain for less than 6 weeks, sub-acute low back pain between 6 and 12 weeks and chronic low back pain for 12 weeks or more [2] . Low back pain is highly prevalent and the main cause of years lived with disability (YLDs). We present the most up-to-date global, regional, and national data on prevalence and YLDs for low back pain from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021. In 2020, low back pain affected 619 million (95% uncertainty interval 554–694) people globally, with a projection of 843 million (759–933) prevalent cases by 2050. In 2020, the global age-standardized rate of YLDs was 832 per 100 000 (578–1070). Between 1990 and 2020, age-standardized rates of prevalence and YLDs decreased by 10·4% (10·9– 10·0) and 10·5% (11·1–10·0), respectively. A total of 38·8% (28·7–47·0) of YLDs were attributed to occupational factors, smoking, and high BMI [3] . Mechanical low back pain results from the muscles strength imbalances in the lower segment. These imbalances can occur when muscles are constantly shortened or strengthened in relation to each other. A specific patterns of muscle weakness and tightness that cross between the dorsal and ventral sides of the body. Along with this there is under activity and weakness of deep abdominal muscles on the ventral side and of the gluteus maximus and medius. The hamstrings are frequently found to be tight in this syndrome as well. This imbalance results in an anterior tilt of the pelvis, increased flexion of the hips, and a compensatory hyper lordosis in the lumbar spine [4] . The study aims to find and compare the effects of gluteal and hamstring muscles strengthening exercises along with interferential therapy and conventional physiotherapy exercises along with interferential therapy on low back pain of mechanical origin.