Open Journal of Business and Management, 2024, 12, 818-833
https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojbm
ISSN Online: 2329-3292
ISSN Print: 2329-3284
DOI: 10.4236/ojbm.2024.122042 Mar. 13, 2024 818 Open Journal of Business and Management
Value Creation on Member Contributions in
Zambian Pension Funds: Evidence for
Imperative Investment in Financial Education
Macmillan Handema
1
, John Lungu
2
, Mwansa Chabala
2
, Chanda Shikaputo
2
1
School of Business, University of Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia
2
School of Graduate Studies, The Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
Abstract
This paper evaluated the extent to which pension funds in Zambia are grow-
ing member contributions to inform the behavior of fund managers, policy-
makers, and prospective retirees. Stacked data on annual pension fund finan-
cial performance for the period between 2011 and 2020 was collected from
the Pensions and Insurance Authority. Data on the performance of riskless
government securities and annual inflation was obtained from the Bank of
Zambia. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyze
the data set. The study established that the industry was able to grow member
contributions by a nominal average of 12% and 3% in real terms. The study
also established that the Sharpe ratio was insignificantly negative in the short
term and significantly negative in the long term. This implies that the pension
fund industry failed to significantly grow member contributions for mea-
ningful benefits. These findings also mean that DC pension funds will only
provide minimal benefits while DB pension funds might have challenges in
meeting their obligations. The study recommends that prospective retirees en-
gage in other wealth-generating activities to supplement the retirement pack-
age from the pension fund industry. It is also recommended that the govern-
ment collaborates with training institutions to equip prospective retirees with
the financial literacy skills needed for successful investment and entrepre-
neurial undertakings. The study further recommends that policymakers and
fund managers need to reflect on policy guidelines and investment strategies
in the industry if pension funds are to provide meaningful benefits for income
replacement and consumption smoothing in the deccumulation phase.
Keywords
Value Creation, Financial Performance, Member Contributions, Pension
Fund, Financial Education, Pension Benefits
How to cite this paper: Handema, M., Lun-
gu, J., Chabala, M., & Shikaputo, C. (2024).
Value Creation on Member Contributions in
Zambian Pension Funds: Evidence for Im-
perative Investment in Financial Education.
Open Journal of Business and Management,
12, 818-833.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojbm.2024.122042
Received: February 17, 2023
Accepted: March 10, 2024
Published: March 13, 2024
Copyright © 2024 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access