© 2023 The Author(s). This article is open access
Jurnal Biologi Tropis
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License.
Original Research Paper
Effectiveness of Plant Bioactive Compounds as Colorectal Cancer Cell Line
Inhibitors: A Systematic Review
Fadillah
1
, Aldi Tamara Rahman
1
, Aulia Rahmi
1
, Nurul Annisa
1
, Muhammad Hamdi
Ibrahim
1
, Rihadatul Aisyah
1
, Reziq Marchellino Irwan
1
, Rita Maliza
1*
1
Biology Departement, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Limau
Manis, Padang, Indonesia;
Article History
Received : October 02
th
, 2023
Revised : October 29
th
, 2023
Accepted : November 13
th
, 2023
*Corresponding Author:
Rita Maliza, Biology
Departement, Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural
Science, Andalas University,
Limau Manis, Padang,
Indonesia
Email:
ritamaliza@sci.unand.ac.id
Abstract: Cancer is a non-communicable disease and one of the highest
causes of human death. It has been well documented that active substances
have been shown in vitro to have anticancer properties. The purpose of this
article is to examine the therapeutic implications of active substances
involved in colorectal anticancer activity. We looked through the databases of
PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar in our systematic review to find
papers released between 2013 and 2023. Ten studies were selected and
published between 2013 and 2023. From the results obtained on plant data
used as colorectal anticancer, it was reported that plants contain active
phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, gallic acid, saponins,
triterpenoid/steroid, hydroquinones, triterpenoids, phenols, glycosides,
quercetin, kaempferol, artemisinin, and tannins that can act as colorectal
anticancer agents and are proven to be an inhibitor of cell line growth in
colorectal cancer.
Keywords: Anti-cancer, cell culture, colorectal.
Introduction
Colorectal cancer is one of the most
common malignant tumors in the world, and
in recent years the morbidity and mortality
rates have continued to increase due to
unbalanced diets such as consuming foods
that are high in fat and low in fiber (Cai &
Zhigang, 2021). Consuming high-fat foods
will lead to increased levels of cholesterol,
triglycerides, unsaturated fatty acids, and bile
acids. These cholesterol and bile acids will be
converted into secondary bile acids,
cholesterol metabolites, and toxic substances
by bacteria in the colon that can damage the
colon mucosa, triggering inflammation
(Harahap, 2019). Inflammation in this
mucosa, resulting some disorders such as
colitis and IBD (inflammatory bowel disease)
that can increasing risk of colorectal cancer
(Bajpai et al, 2019).
Tertiary hospital-based survey in
Indonesia revealed that CRC accounted for
73.7% of all gastrointestinal malignancies in
2002-2011(Makmun, 2014). In Indonesia,
colorectal cancer ranks fourth with an
incidence rate of 12.1 per 100,000 population
and a mortality rate of 6.9 per 100,000
population (Ferlay et al., 2021). Cell culture
has marked a major change in research, one of
them is research on cancer cells. Cell culture
is one of methods to test the cytotoxicity of
potential bioactive compounds against cancer
cell lines. (Rodríguez-Hernández et al., 2014).
In the medical world, cells derived from
certain tissues or organs can be used to
research or diagnose a disease, for example, in
viral or bacterial infections and in vitro
studies for cancer (Thorpe, 2007).
Animal cell culture involves the
placement of one or more living cells of
animal origin in an isolated environment
whose physicochemical properties are able to
mimic their physiological conditions
(Rodríguez-Hernández et al., 2014). Based on
the source of cells used, cells can be divided
into two categories: primary cells and cell
lines. Primary cultures facilitate the growth of