1
Agrotechnology, Vol. 10 Iss. 3 No: 206
Agrotechnology
OPEN ACCESS Freely available online
Research Article
The Andean Red Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Yield
Stability Study in Southern and Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Demelash Bassa
1*
, Hussein Mohammed
2
, Fekadu Gurmu
2
, Berhanu Amsalu
4
1
Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia;
2
School of Plant and Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, Hawassa
University, Hawassa, Ethiopia;
3
Hawassa Agricultural Research Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia;
4
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural
Research, Dessie, Ethiopia
INTRODUCTION
Common bean with 2n=22 diploid chromosome number belongs
to genus Phaseolus, species vulgaris,family Fabaceae. It is the most
important food legume contributing50% for human consumption
of the total production [1] in the world. In Africa, common bean is
grown mainly for subsistence and it is a main source of dietary
protein in Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Uganda and Zambia. In
Ethiopia, the production obtained from red and white types of
common beans was 14.3% (380,499.453 tons) and 6%
(159,739.484 tons), of the pulse production respectively. Thus,
the total area allotted for common bean production was 357,
299.89ha in Ethiopia and the yield obtained was 540,238.94 tons
[2].
The main challenge for the production of common bean in
Ethiopia is believed to be shortage of high yielding and stable
varieties. Genotype x environment interaction (GEI) is present
when the expression of any trait of genotypes is inconsistent over
environments. When a significant GEI is present, researchers are
interested to know the cause of the interaction in order to make
accurate predictions of genotype performance under a variety of
environments [3]. The current research is aimed to estimate the
interaction and performance of genotypes across environments
using the multivariate methods; i.e., Additive Main Effects and
Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) and Genotype plus Genotype
by Environment (GGE) bi-plot analysis.
In AMMI analysis, genotype (G) and environment (E) are considered
as additive main effects and the GEI as a multiplicative component
and is interpreted by principal component analysis (PCA) [4].
AMMI bi-plot is identified as GEI bi-plot which combines the yield
stability parameters [5]. The use of AMMI is effective to evaluate
multi-environment trial with the data collected from two to five
times more replications [6].
For multi-environment trials, which are not possible with the use
of AMMI model, GGE bi-plot analysis is used to evaluate the
environments [7]. GGE bi-plot graphically displays a GEI in a two
way table [8]. It is an effective method for 1) mega-environment
analysis (e.g. “which-won-where” pattern), whereby genotypes
can also be recommended to specific environments [7,8], 2)
genotype evaluation (the mean performance and stability of
genotypes) and 3) environmental evaluation (the discriminating
Correspondence to: Demelash Bassa, Areka Agricultural Research Center, Areka, Ethiopia; E-mail: demelashbassa2000@gmail.com
Received: February 01, 2021, Accepted: February 16, 2021, Published: February 22, 2021
Citation: Bassa D, Mohammed H, Gurmu F, Amsalu B (2021) The Andean Red Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes Yield Stability
Study in Southern and Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Agrotechnology. 10: 345.
Copyright: © 2021 Bassa D, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
ABSTRACT
The presence of significant genotype x environment interaction (GEI) has effect on the stability of genotypes across
environments. Sixteen Andean red common bean genotypes were evaluated at six sites using triple lattice design in
2017 cropping season. The objective of the study was to evaluate seed yield stability of the genotypes using Additive
Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) and Genotype plus Genotype by Environment (GGE) bi-plot
analyses. The AMMI ANOVA showed that the magnitude of G, E and GEI was 3.8%, 80.9% and 11.1% respectively
of the total variation. The genotypes Red kidney, Melkadima and DAB 478 were identified as stable genotypes
using AMMI bi-plot analysis. Based on GGE bi plot analysis, genotypes DAB 544, Red kidney, DAB 478, DAB
532 and DAB 481 were adapted to all environments. Three mega-environments were identified using GGE bi-plot
analysis; namely high potential and discriminating environments (Melkassa), medium potential environments (Arsi
Negele and Alem Tena) and low potential and undiscriminating environments (Areka, Gofa and Kokate). Therefore,
Genotypes Red kidney and DAB 478 were the most stable according to the two stability analysis models and can be
recommended for production in southern region and central Rift valley areas of Ethiopia.
Keywords: AMMI; Common bean; GGE bi-plot; GEI; Genotypes; Yield