~ 127 ~ ISSN Print: 2617-4693 ISSN Online: 2617-4707 IJABR 2024; SP-8(2): 127-133 www.biochemjournal.com Received: 02-11-2023 Accepted: 08-01-2024 Kavisha Gangwar Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Brijesh Kumar Yadav Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Avantika Srivastav Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Ankit Negi Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Chaple Prajwal Suresh Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Himani Pandey Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Neeraj Kumar Gangwar Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Shyama N Prabhu Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Renu Singh Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Corresponding Author: Kavisha Gangwar Department of Veterinary Pathology, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India Epidemiological, cytological, and haemato-serological analysis of canine mammary gland tumours Kavisha Gangwar, Brijesh Kumar Yadav, Avantika Srivastav, Ankit Negi, Chaple Prajwal Suresh, Himani Pandey, Neeraj Kumar Gangwar, Shyama N Prabhu and Renu Singh DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i2Sb.520 Abstract When it comes to neoplastic situations, a clear and early diagnosis is crucial for both human and animal patients to determine the best course of therapy and improved prognosis. The study's objective was to analyse the epidemiological, cytological, and haemato-serological aspects of canine mammary gland tumours. This included examining the tumor's consistency, cytology, blood and serum parameter analysis, breed, sex, age, and reproductive status in addition to the number and location of affected mammary glands. Between January 2021 and April 2022, a total of 53 dogs were brought to the Veterinary Clinical Complex, DUVASU, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India, with the suspicion of having a mammary gland tumour. Of them, 42 dogs had neoplastic growth and 11 dogs had inflammatory growth based on cytological examination. A total of 102 cases of various dog cancers were documented throughout this time, indicating a 41.18% incidence of mammary tumours. Older female canines between the ages of 8 and 12 were the most affected, with the German Shepherd breed having the highest incidence. A haemato-serological examination revealed a drop in serum iron levels, haemoglobin concentration, and total erythrocyte count, but an increase in total leucocyte count, primarily neutrophils, and serum calcium level. When comparing the blood neutrophil count and serum calcium level in the neoplastic state to the control, a strong association was found. Keywords: Canine, cytological, haemato-serological, mammary gland tumours, neoplastic 1. Introduction One of the greatest risks to both human and animal life is cancer. When it comes to pets, this is the main reason for death. The most prevalent tumour in the modern world among human females is breast cancer, which is growing quickly because of alterations in environmental factors and lifestyle. One in ten new cases of cancer identified annually is female breast cancer, making it the most common malignancy in both industrialised and developing nations (Bray et al., 2004) [4] . Like skin tumours, mammary tumours are the second most prevalent neoplasm in dogs. Dogs are twice as likely as people to develop cancer (Gupta et al., 2012) [10] . Mammary tumours account for about 52% of all tumour cases in dogs (Varallo et al., 2019) [29] . Most of these cases are documented in female dogs worldwide, with occasional occurrences of 1.7% to 8% occurring in male canines (Nithya et al., 2018) [18] . Since dogs grow a wide range of tumours with clinicopathological characteristics and incidence rates comparable to human cancers, they are an excellent model for comparative oncology. Carcinogenesis risk factors that are the same in both species include obesity, environmental contaminants, and ageing. The canine mammary tumour serves as an excellent model for human breast cancer because of its similarities in morphology, behaviour, and immunohistochemistry with human breast cancer (Gray et al., 2020) [9] . According to Kumar et al. (2018) [14] , the mean leukogram of dogs with mammary carcinoma cases showed an insignificant increase in the total WBC count and neutrophils, a drop in lymphocytes, and an insignificant decrease in mean haemoglobin in dogs with mammary tumours. International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 2024; SP-8(2): 127-133