9 Gac Med Mex. 2024;160:9-16 Contents available at PubMed www.gacetamedicademexico.com Date of reception: 03-03-2023 Date of acceptance: 15-12-2023 DOI: 10.24875/GMM.M24000844 Abstract Background: On December 31, 2019, one of the most serious pandemics in recent times made its appearance. Certain health conditions, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, have been described to be related to COVID-19 unfavorable outcomes. Objective: To identify factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. Material and methods: Retrospective cohort of 998,639 patients. Patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed, with survivors being compared with the deceased individuals. Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify variables predictive of COVID-19-associ- ated mortality. Results: Among the deceased patients, men accounted for 64.3%, and women, for 35.7%, with the difference being statistically significant. Subjects older than 80 years had a 13-fold higher risk of dying from COVID-19 (95% CI = 12,469, 13,586), while chronic kidney disease entailed a risk 1.5 times higher (95% CI = 1,341, 1,798), and diabetes mellitus involved a risk 1.25 times higher (95% CI = 1.238,1.276). Conclusions: Age, sex, diabetes mellitus and obesity were found to be predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Further research related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular diseases, smoking and pregnancy is suggested. KEYWORDS: COVID-19. Diabetes mellitus. Cardiovascular disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic kidney disease. Obesity. Factores de riesgo asociados a mortalidad por COVID-19 en México Resumen Antecedentes: El 31 de diciembre de 2019, se inició una de las pandemias más graves de los últimos tiempos. Se ha des- crito que ciertas condiciones de salud, como la obesidad y la diabetes mellitus, están relacionadas con desenlaces desfavo- rables por COVID-19. Objetivo: Identificar factores asociados a mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19. Material y métodos: Cohor- te retrospectiva de 998 639 pacientes. Se analizaron las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de los pacientes, y se compararon supervivientes con fallecidos. Se utilizó el modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para la identificación de variables predictivas de defunción por COVID-19. Resultados: Entre los fallecidos, los hombres representaron 64.3 % y las mujeres 35.7 %, diferencia que resultó estadísticamente significativa. Las personas con más de 80 años presentaron un riesgo 13 veces mayor de morir por COVID-19 (IC 95 % = 12.469,13.586) y la enfermedad renal crónica, un riesgo de 1.5 (IC 95 % = 1.341, 1.798); la diabetes mellitus tuvo un riesgo de 1.25 (IC 95 % = 1.238,1.276). Conclusiones: La edad, el sexo, la diabetes mellitus y la obesidad resultaron ser entidades predictivas de muerte por COVID-19. Se sugiere más inves- tigación relacionada con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, enfermedades cardiovasculares, tabaquismo y embarazo. PALABRAS CLAVE: COVID-19. Diabetes mellitus. Enfermedad cardiovascular. Enfermedad obstructiva crónica. Enfermedad renal crónica. Obesidad. Risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Mexico Anna Fomina, 1 Antonio Villa-Romero, 1 Guadalupe S. García de la Torre, 2 Laura Leticia Tirado 2 and Rosa M. Wong-Chew 1 * 1 Research Division; 2 Public Health Department. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico 0016-3813/© 2023 Academia Nacional de Medicina de México, A.C.. Published by Permanyer. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). GACETA MÉDICA DE MÉXICO ORIGINAL ARTICLE *Correspondence: Rosa M. Wong-Chew E-mail: rmwong@unam.mx