Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2023, 11, 227-241 https://www.scirp.org/journal/gep ISSN Online: 2327-4344 ISSN Print: 2327-4336 DOI: 10.4236/gep.2023.117016 Jul. 31, 2023 227 Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection Evaluation of the Efficacy of Albizia zygia Extracts on Bacterial Inhibition in Aquatic Microcosm Yves Yogne Poutoum 1 , Luciane Marlyse Moungang 1* , Blandine Pulcherie Tamatcho Kweyang 2 , Thierry Youmbi Fonkui 3 , Golda Reine Zame Meva’a 1 , Aurélie Dzenga Njeunkam 1 , Mouhama Sani Adams Ibn Rabiou 1 , Moïse Nola 1 1 Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon 2 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon 3 Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, Doornfontein Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa Abstract The objective of this study is the phytochemical analysis and the determina- tion of the antibacterial activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts ob- tained from the leaves and bark of the trunk of Albizia zygia, against Esche- richia coli and Salmonella typhi bacteria in aquatic microcosms. Phytochem- ical screening was performed as described by Pareck. The results obtained show that the hydro-ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Albizia zygia trunk bark recorded higher extraction yields (26.71% and 33.2% respectively) com- pared to the aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of leaves of the same plant. Secondary metabolites with antibacterial activities such as anthraquinones, anthocyanins, flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and saponins were found in both types of extracts. Flavonoids and anthocyanins were relatively more ab- undant than the other chemical constituents. The highest cellular inhibition rate of Escherichia coli was 99.88%, obtained after 9 hours of exposure in the hydro-ethanolic extract solution of trunk bark at the concentration 1.5 g/L. The Salmonella typhi rate was 99.95% after 9 hours of exposure of bacterial cells to the hydro-ethanol extract of the bark of the trunk at the concentration 1.5 g/L. This rate increased proportionally with the bacterial-extract contact time. The temperature of the medium did not significantly influence bacterial inhibition (P > 0.05). The obtained results justify the use of the plant Albizia zygia in the reduction of the flow of bacterio-pollutants contained in water intended for consumption. How to cite this paper: Poutoum, Y. Y., Moungang, L. M., Kweyang, B. P. T., Fon- kui, T. Y., Meva’a, G. R. Z., Njeunkam, A. D., Rabiou, M. S. A. I., & Nola, M. (2023). Evaluation of the Efficacy of Albizia zygia Extracts on Bacterial Inhibition in Aquatic Microcosm. Journal of Geoscience and En- vironment Protection, 11, 227-241. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2023.117016 Received: June 6, 2023 Accepted: July 28, 2023 Published: July 31, 2023 Copyright © 2023 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Open Access