Advances in Infectious Diseases, 2023, 13, 722-734
https://www.scirp.org/journal/aid
ISSN Online: 2164-2656
ISSN Print: 2164-2648
DOI: 10.4236/aid.2023.134058 Dec. 29, 2023 722 Advances in Infectious Diseases
Lassa Fever: Patients Profile and Treatment
Outcomes at Benue State University Teaching
Hospital Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria
Tsavyange Peter Mbaave
1*
, Onyilo Ogbu
2
, Patrick O. Echekwube
1
, Terrumun Zaiyol Swende
3
,
Igba Terhile Igbah
1
1
Department of Medicine, Benue State University and Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria
2
Department of Paediatrics, Benue State University and Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria
3
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Benue State University and Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria
Abstract
Lassa fever is a viral haemorrhagic fever found mostly in West Africa where it
is endemic but generates periodic outbreaks in the dry seasons. The virus is
spread by the rat species named mastomys natalensis. While the illness is
minor in most cases, the mortality is significant in hospitalized patients. Few
completely equipped treatment centers existed in Nigeria previous to cur-
rent increase in frequency requiring demand for new treatment centers
without the full complement of essential capabilities. Aim: To analyze the
profile and treatment outcome in patients hospitalized in one of such new re-
source-constrained centers at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital
Makurdi, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a retrospective, descriptive hospit-
al-based research encompassing January 2020 to March 2023. Medical
records of those admitted to the isolation center were reviewed. The relevant
data was coded and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23. Results: One hun-
dred and ten (110) individuals were hospitalized for probable or suspected
Lassa fever throughout the research period. A total of 35 confirmed patients
satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included as the study subjects. There
were 23 (65.7%) men and 12 (34.3%) females. Their mean age was 35.36 ±
12.21 years (range 15 - 61 years). The treatment outcome showed that 24
(75%) survived and were discharged, 5 (15.6%) were referred out of the facil-
ity for dialysis and 3 died, providing a mortality of 8.6%. The causes of mor-
tality in study patients were acute kidney injury and encephalopathy. Con-
clusion: Lassa fever is endemic in Benue state with all types of individuals af-
flicted. The outcome of treatment was good despite resource difficulties. Las-
sa fever can be successfully managed even in resource-challenged situations
typically encountered in developing countries.
How to cite this paper: Mbaave, T.P.,
Ogbu, O., Echekwube, P.O., Swende, T.Z.
and Igbah, I.T. (2023) Lassa Fever: Patients
Profile and Treatment Outcomes at Benue
State University Teaching Hospital Makur-
di, North-Central Nigeria. Advances in
Infectious Diseases, 13, 722-734.
https://doi.org/10.4236/aid.2023.134058
Received: October 3, 2023
Accepted: December 26, 2023
Published: December 29, 2023
Copyright © 2023 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution International
License (CC BY 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Open Access