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Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2016; 4(6): 104-107
ISSN 2320-3862
JMPS 2016; 4(6): 104-107
© 2016 JMPS
Received: 16-09-2016
Accepted: 17-10-2016
M Vasundhara
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
B Radhika
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
BS Thara
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
Priyanka R
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
Ashwini Jayaram
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
Correspondence
M Vasundhara
Department of Horticulture,
Medicinal and Aromatic Section,
UAS (B), GKVK, Bangalore,
India
Organic colours for Ayurvastra from kokum
fruits and rinds
M Vasundhara, B Radhika, BS Thara, Priyanka R and Ashwini Jayaram
Abstract
Kokum (Garcinia indica Choisy) is an indigenous and commercially valuable fruit crop. The rich
bioactive profile of kokum makes it a highly nutritious and desirable fruit crop. The ripened fruits are
used as kokum extract, syrup, nectar, juice etc. The present study was taken up with the objective of
extraction and estimation of anthocyanin pigment (mg/100g) from kokum rind (Fresh, dry and sugar
rind). Total Anthocyanin Content varied from 79.93, 85.03,7.83mg/100g in fresh, dry and sugar rind
samples respectively. The results highlighted that Sugar rind samples can also be utilized as a source of
Anthocyanin. Extracted dye was tested on different fabrics for their applicability and color range from
sugar rind samples and compared it with the pigments extracted from fresh and dry kokum fruit rinds in
developing organic clothes.
Keywords: Kokum, anthocyanin, organic colours, Ayurvastra
1. Introduction
Ayurvastra (Ayurvedic and herbal clothes) is an ancient technique of dyeing textiles with
medicinal herbs. It is based on the ayurvedic principle that a regular contact of cloth made
from the yarns infused with organic herbs and medicinal plant extracts will enable the
medicinal properties permanently being encapsulated to the fabrics
[1]
. Ayurvastra is more
effective when the body is most at rest such as during sleep or meditating. When exposed on
skin, the herbs are absorbed into the body and provide treatment for a broad range of diseases
including diabetes, skin infections, asthma, arthritis and hypertension. They also relieve
metabolic disorders, eliminate toxins, improve metabolism, strengthen the immune system and
thus thread a new line of healthy living. Ayurvastra in the form of sleepwear, bedsheets,
towels, meditation clothes and coir mats are being used
[2]
. The demand for natural and organic
dyes for ayurvastra has been increasing considerably because of their eco-friendliness, non-
toxic and water solubility unlike chemical and synthetic dyes which pollute the environment.
Anthocyanins are one such group of organic colors which are natural phenolic pigments or
glycosylated polyhydroxy and polymethoxy derivatives, widely distributed in nature and
account for colours in several fruits, flowers and vegetables. They are utilized for the color
intensity and appearance; improves the visual activity also known for multitude of health
benefits
[3]
2). The worldwide market of dyes and organic pigments is expected to grow at six
percent every year, to reach $19.5 billion in 2019 from $14.5 billion in 2014, as per the new
Freedonia group report. China is the dominant global consumer of dyes and organic pigments
and rapid growth is also seen in smaller Asian markets such as India, Bangladesh and
Vietnam.
Garcinia indica or Kokum is known to be a rich source of anthocyanin. Cyanidin-3-glucoside
and cyanidin-3-sambubioside are the major pigments present in kokum, and is reported to
occur in the ratio of 4:1
[4]
. Garcinia indica, is an indigenous, endemic and underutilized
perennial medicinal fruit tree. Commonly known as Kokum, Goa butter tree, Biran, Amsool,
Ratamba etc., and distributed mainly in the western Peninsular coastal regions and parts of
Eastern India
[5]
. Kokum, is an antioxidant rich fruit used in the name of Vrikshamba in
Ayurveda. The fruits are conical/oblong/pear/spherical in shape, with an average diameter of
1.8-5.51cm and length of 1.19-2.63cm, with 3-8 large seeds being embedded in a red acidic
pulp. India produces around 10, 200 metric tons of kokum, with a productivity of 8.5 tons/ha.
[6]
. Kokum fruits are utilized both in fresh and dry forms; the fruits and fruit rind is valued as a
nutraceutical source as it is a rich source of protein, tannin, pectin, total sugars, fat, tannin,
starch, crude fat and citric acid. The therapeutic properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial,