International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (ISSN (print): 2249-7277 ISSN (online): 2277-7970) Volume-3 Number-1 Issue-9 March-2013 72 A Survey of Middleware in different languages for Ubiquitous Services Neha Sharma 1 , Usha Batra 2 , Saurabh Mukherjee 3 Abstract The advent of abrupt advancement in technology and availability of numerous applications has made it imperative to adopt a technology that is felicitous for every domain. There exists a huge count of technologies working in all domains. The transient nature of technology itself is a reason for it being obsolete. Enterprise application development (EAI) solutions support many on-going projects ranging from proprietary, open or academic projects to scientific experiments. After analysing various middleware, we agreed on the fact that a language works best in a specific domain but may not be amicable with other domains. The rapid augmentation in technology and unstable requirements are responsible for having dearth in languages. Therefore, succinctly the environment is unstable and will be in future as well. This research discusses middleware technologies available in various languages. In this paper, on the basis of literature survey we present a comparative analysis of their features, flexibility, scalability and trade- offs and making it impeccable at some extent is what we aspire. Keywords Middleware, Java, Cloud Computing, CORBA, Web Services. 1. Introduction Enterprise application integration (EAI) is used to integrate a set of enterprise computer applications with support of software and computer systems architectural principles. The term EAI is related to Middleware and provides a workspace for two or more applications to collaborate. However, Middleware is considered as a continually evolving term [1]. It is difficult to consider a single concrete solution to implement in every domain. Neha Sharma, Department of Computer Science, ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Usha Batra, Department of Computer Science, ITM University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Saurabh Mukherjee, Department of Computer Science, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India. Since much of the software business is driven through the perceptions of the “hottest” current technologies [2], middleware should offer flexible ways to execute different applications running on diverse range of technologies. In addition to flexibility, EAI also minimizes the number of connections among applications and hence results in reduced network overhead and better performance. For instance, consider a model without EAI approach. The number of total connections required for a full point-to-point network with n nodes within or across the organizations will be (n(n- 1))/2 . For analogy to achieve communication among ten different nodes, 45 connections lines will be needed. For 50 nodes it will need 100 connections lines and so on resulting in a very expensive and complex communication mesh. However, using EAI, the number of connections can be reduced to minimal „N‟ connections, where n represents number of nodes in the communication network. Figure 1: Enterprise Application Integration Middleware not only helps in reducing the number of connections required to achieve interoperability but it also offers flexibility in highly dynamic environment. The best example is the rapid increase in the demand of smart phone as well mobile users resulting in demand of ubiquitous services. In 2006, Julien, C., Roman et al.[3] proposed that ubiquitous computing ERP CRM EAI WEB HR S C M ERP HR CRM SCM WEB