477 © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024 M. L. Pochettino et al. (eds.), Nature(s) in Construction, The Latin American Studies Book Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60552-9_29 Plant Consumption in the Northern Patagonian Archipelago (41–47° S, Chile) Since 6000 Years BP to Historical Times: An Integrative Vision Through Ceramic Use Residues and Human Dental Calculus Carolina A. Belmar , Omar Reyes , Augusto Tessone , and Ximena Urbina Introduction Studying processes of change and cultural continuity between societies is an oppor- tunity to recognize certain variables that could trigger these transformations, allow- ing an evaluation of which aspects of material life change and which are conserved and persist through time. This is especially relevant in the case of hunter-gatherer groups and the incorporation of horticultural practices and how it impacts diet and food choices. Thus, the characteristics of the human occupation of the northern Patagonian archipelago (~ 41° 30′–47° S, Fig. 1) for six millennia by marine hunter- gatherer-fisher groups, or canoe groups, allow us to evaluate these processes of cultural changes and continuities through various lines of evidence regarding plants and the incorporation of domesticates. Focusing on the Chiloé archipelago, we note an important change in the trajecto- ries of human settlement toward the last millennium, with the appearance of cultural C. A. Belmar (*) Departamento de Antropologia, Universidad de Chile, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile O. Reyes CEHA, Instituto de la Patagonia, Universidad de Magallanes, CIEP, Punta Arenas, Coyhaique, Chile A. Tessone Instituto de Geocronología y Geología Isotópica (INGEIS) (UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina X. Urbina Instituto de Historia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (PUCV), Viña del Mar, Valparaíso, Chile e-mail: maria.urbina@pucv.cl