International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | January 2024 | Vol 11 | Issue 1 Page 560
International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health
Dotimi DA et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2024 Jan;11(1):560-565
http://www.ijcmph.com
pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040
Review Article
Community health practice: the Nigerian model
Doris Atibinye Dotimi
1
*, Yohanna Wamanyi
2
, Joel Usen Silas
3
INTRODUCTION
The Nigerian model of community health practice focuses
on improving the health and well-being of communities
through a comprehensive and participatory approach. It
recognizes the importance of community involvement in
healthcare decision-making and emphasizes the
empowerment of individuals and communities to take
control of their own health.
1
Community health practice
refers to the provision of health care services, aimed at
early diagnosis of disease, recognition of environmental
and occupational hazards to good health, and prevention
of disease in the community.
2
The Community is seen as
the hub of Community Health Practice. It is the essential
laboratory for the practice of teaching, training, and
research in the subject of community health. One key
aspect of the Nigerian model is the use of community
health practitioners (CHPs) who are trained and licensed
to provide basic healthcare services and address the
specific health needs of the communities at the primary
health centers and community levels.
1
A Community
Health Practitioner is a specially trained health
professional who provides promotive, preventive,
curative, and rehabilitative health services to the people
where they live and work.
3
They serve as a bridge
between the healthcare system and the community,
providing education, preventive services, assisting in
birthing, care for the newborn, immunization of the
ABSTRACT
The Nigerian model of community health practice is a unique approach to healthcare delivery that emphasizes the
involvement of community members in the planning and implementation of healthcare services. This model is based
on the principle that healthcare should be accessible, affordable, and equitable for all members of the community.
This review focused on the Nigerian model of community health practice yesterday, today, and in the future. Findings
indicated that the Nigerian model of community health practice was established in 1978 and is characterized by the
use of community health practitioners who have acquired National Diplomas, Higher National Diploma, Bachelor,
Master and Ph.D. degrees in Community Health. They are licensed by the Community Health Practitioners
Registration Board of Nigeria to provide basic healthcare services such as health education, preventive care, treatment
of common illnesses, maternal and child health services, and family planning at primary health centers and
community levels. While the model of community health practice has faced significant challenges, including
inadequate funding, lack of infrastructure, and a shortage of trained personnel, it has demonstrated promising results
in improving healthcare access and outcomes in rural communities. The Nigerian Model of community health practice
holds important lessons for other countries seeking to strengthen their primary healthcare systems.
Keywords: Nigeria, Community health practitioners, Community health practice, Primary health care, CHEW,
JCHEW, CHO
1
Department of Community Health Science, Bayelsa Medical University, Yenagoa, Nigeria
2
Department of Community Health Science, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Nigeria
3
Department of Community Health Science, Wesley University, Ondo, Nigeria
Received: 27 October 2023
Revised: 16 December 2023
Accepted: 19 December 2023
*Correspondence:
Doris Atibinye Dotimi,
E-mail: dorisdotimi13@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20234157