Vol.: (0123456789) Water Air Soil Pollut (2024) 235:720 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-024-07532-4 Innovative Strategies for Dye Removal from Textile Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Approaches and Challenges Sheetal Kumari · Rajneesh Singh · Jahangeer Jahangeer · Manoj Chandra Garg Received: 28 May 2024 / Accepted: 21 September 2024 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024 including diluted solids, suspended particles, col- ours, and toxic metals. Various techniques are used to address textile wastewater, including mechanical, chemical, biological, hybrid, and advanced oxidation methods. This study offers a thorough examination of the dyes and chemicals utilized in the textile indus- try. It specifically looks at various treatment methods for removing pollutants from industrial wastewater, including chemical, biological, physical, AOPs, and hybrid systems. The findings suggest that photocata- lytic techniques are the most effective in terms of rapid dye removal, cost-effectiveness, timeliness, and environmental friendliness. This review also offers a detailed analysis of the past decade and explores the challenges and potential of this innovative approach in the context of sustainable development. Keywords Dye · Advanced oxidation process · Combined process · Degradation · Textile wastewater · Wastewater treatment 1 Introduction The need for fabric has grown substantially due to urbanisation, population growth, and higher living standards (Fidan et al., 2023). The textile industry can be classified into two categories: 1) wet fabric industries generate liquid waste, and 2) dry fabric industries produce solid trash (Lotha et al., 2024). Textile products from India are sold within India Abstract Wastewater generated by the textile indus- try contains a variety of harmful and complex sub- stances. These effluents can negatively impact aquatic ecosystems and human health if not managed prop- erly. The textile industry relies on various chemicals and water to dye and wash fabric. The textile effluent exhibits vibrant colours, elevated pH levels, increased temperature, and higher COD levels. Various factors contribute to the increased pollutant load in effluents, Highlights: 1) Contaminates present in textile wastewater and their impact on the ecosystem are discussed. 2) Methodologies applied for dye removal from textile wastewater are discussed. 3) Special attention has been given to advanced technologies used for dye removal. 4) Challenges associated with due removal from textile wastewater are discussed. S. Kumari · M. C. Garg (*)  Amity Institute of Environmental Science (AIES), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India e-mail: manoj28280@gmail.com S. Kumari  e-mail: Sheetalluhania99@gmail.com R. Singh  Department of Hydrology, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India J. Jahangeer  Community and Regional Planning, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, USA