Journal of African Earth Sciences 171 (2020) 103956
Available online 23 July 2020
1464-343X/© 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Gravity contribution to the Mejerda foreland basin, Northwestern region
of Tunisia
Nesrine Frifita
a, b, *
, Kevin Mickus
c
, Mohamed Gharbi
d
a
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
b
Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gab`es, Gab`es, Tunisia
c
Department of Geosciences, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, 65897, USA
d
Geo-Resources Laboratory, Centre of Research and Technology of Water, Borj Cedria, Soliman, Tunisia
A R T I C L E INFO
Keywords:
Gravity
Thin-skinned tectonics
Mejerda wedge-top basin
Tunisia
ABSTRACT
The Mejerda basin in northwestern Tunisia is located between the Tell and Atlas Mountains and contains
structures related to the complicated tectonic history of the study region. The Mejerda contains compressional
structures related to the Cenozoic collision between Europe and Africa, and strike-slip faults related to exten-
sional tectonics. As a result of the varied tectonic history, there has been numerous models of the basin formation
ranging from simple grabens, pull-apart basins and foreland basins. In order to constrain the subsurface structure
of the basin, a gravity analysis consisting of the construction of residual gravity anomaly maps, estimated depths
from upward continuation and Euler deconvolution, and detailed two-dimensional forward models. The gravity
analysis was constrained by a seismic reflection profile and a deep well. The map analysis indicated two separate
basins, one called the Quaternary basin and another called the Pliocene basin. Based on the gravity depth an-
alyses and the gravity forward modeling, and the residual gravity anomaly map, these basins were between 2.5
and 3 km thick, and separated by gravity maxima probably due to uplift of Triassic and Cretaceous sediments
related to compressional tectonics and evaporitic movement. The Euler deconvolution analysis imaged a number
of lineaments, interpreted to be faults, that trend in the NE and NW directions and these faults basically delineate
the basins. Results confirm that the Mejerda basin is a wedge-top basin located in the foreland side of the Tellian
thrust belt and consists of two separate basins whose origin was mostly determined by thin-skin compressional
tectonics.
1. Introduction
The Mejerda basin is a foreland basin (Fig. 1) situated between the
Tell Mountains to the north and the northern Atlas Mountains to the
south. The basin is part of the Maghrebides orogenic chain which was
formed during the Miocene-aged crustal shortening period (Bouaziz
et al., 2002). This crustal shortening period produced numerous thrust
sheets and included dextral transpression that produced a series of
strike-slip faults (Guiraud et al., 2005). The Mejerda basin which be-
longs to the Tellian domain (Amiri et al., 2011) is bounded by thrust
sheets on its northern boundary and contains numerous Triassic diapiric
salt structures along the southern part of the basin. These diapiric
structures belong to the northeastern Maghreb salt province (Bolze,
1954; Vila et al., 1994, 1996; Ghanmi et al., 2006; Masrouhi et al.,
2013).
The Mejerda basin has been considered a graben bounded by E-W
oriented normal faults (Castany, 1954). However, recent studies have
further investigated the regional structures and showed that the
numerous E-W trending faults were reactivated by strike-slip faulting to
produce pull-apart basins (Chihi, 1995). Other studies have indicated
that the Mejerda basin is a foreland molassic basin delimited by East and
North and NE-trending faults and whose major basinal features were
formed by crustal shortening (Rouvier, 1977; Perthuisot, 1978; Ben
Ayed, 1994; Dlala, 1995; Ould Bagga, 2003; Amiri et al., 2011; Gabtni
et al., 2016). Recently the basin was considered as a wedge-top basin
which developed during the growth of the Tell and Atlas thrust belts
(Booth-Rea et al., 2019; Khelil et al., 2019) and occurs on the frontal part
of the foreland basin system over the advancing thrust belts (Decelles
and Giles, 1995).
The purpose of this study is to define the geometry of Mejerda
* Corresponding author. Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
E-mail address: frifitanesrine@yahoo.fr (N. Frifita).
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Journal of African Earth Sciences
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jafrearsci
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2020.103956
Received 17 April 2020; Received in revised form 14 July 2020; Accepted 14 July 2020