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International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2019; 7(5): 555-561
E-ISSN: 2347-5129
P-ISSN: 2394-0506
(ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62
(GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549
IJFAS 2019; 7(5): 555-561
© 2019 IJFAS
www.fisheriesjournal.com
Received: 20-07-2019
Accepted: 22-08-2019
Assefa Tessema
Department of Zoological
Sciences, Addis Ababa
University, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Abebe Getahun
Department of Zoological
Sciences, Addis Ababa
University, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Seyoum Mengistou
Department of Zoological
Sciences, Addis Ababa
University, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Tadesse Fetahi
Department of Zoological
Sciences, Addis Ababa
University, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Eshete Dejen
Intergovernmental Authority on
Development (IGAD), Senior
Fisheries Expert, Ethiopia
Correspondence
Assefa Tessema
Department of Zoological
Sciences, Addis Ababa
University, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia
Length -weight relationship, condition factor and some
reproductive aspects of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus) in Lake Hayq, Ethiopia
Assefa Tessema, Abebe Getahun, Seyoum Mengistou, Tadesse Fetahi and
Eshete Dejen
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to assess length-weight relationship, condition factor and reproductive
potential of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Data (total length (TL), total weight (TW), sex ratio,
maturity stages, fecundity and gonadosomatic index) were collected. The collected data were
summarized using descriptive (percentage, graphs, tables) and Inferential (Chi-Square, Two Way
ANOVA, Regression) statistics through application of SPSS 16 and R 3.31 Softwares. The length-
weight relationship of both sexes was allometric. The FCF (Fulton Condition Factor) value was higher
(1.85) for females than males (1.80). A total of 892 samples (339 female and 553 males) were collected
during sampling period. There was significant deviation in sex ratio (Females: Males) from hypothetical
1:1 ratio (Chi-Square, P<0.05). The mean fecundity was 217 eggs/ fish and it was positively correlated
with TL, TW and gonad weight. The size at first sexual maturity (L50) was 12.8 and 12.9 cm for females
and males respectively. The gonadosomatic index was ranged from 0.3 - 0.7 and 1.3- 2.6 for males and
females respectively. Nile tilapia breeding season was observed between February and April. The peak
breeding season was observed in April. From the average weight (40 g) and L50 (nearly 13 cm for both
sexes), we can conclude that Nile tilapia has stunt growth in Lake Hayq. Heavy fishing together with
illegal fishing activities (narrow sized mesh size, <8 cm, below the National standard), fishing during
breeding season and breeding ground, destruction of breeding and feeding ground are the major problems
of Lake Hayq that might contribute for stunt growth of Nile tilapia in the lake. Therefore, appropriate
fishery management tools such as closing season and ground, mesh size regulation should be
implemented for sustainable fishery utilization in Lake Hayq.
Keywords: Gonadosomatic index, length at first maturity, total length, total weight, sex ratio
Introduction
Fish is used as source of cheap protein source in most of African countries. Small-scale
fisheries operating mostly in the developing countries accounts half of the total fish production
globally. The contribution of inland catches in Africa covers about 25% of global inland
catches
[1]
However, the production of fish has drastically decreased and catches per unit of
effort (CPUE) have become low in natural water bodies
[2] [3]
. The major factors for reduction
in production of fishes in Africa are, postharvest loss, illegal fishing and overfishing
[4]
. Nile
tilapia fish species, one of the most important fish species in tropical and subtropical
freshwater bodies in Africa are also faced many challenges, illegal fishing (overfishing, fishing
during breeding season and ground, fishing with narrow sized mesh size and destruction
habitat)
[5].
Ethiopia has many lakes and rivers harboring more than 200 fish species
[6]
. The fish
production potential is estimated to 94,500 tons per year in Ethiopia
[7].
However, only 30-38%
of this potential is currently used
[8]
. Though the contribution of fishery for GDP is
insignificant, the sector is being used as means of livelihoods for many people involved from
production to marketing. Artisanal freshwater fishery is one of the most important economic
activities in Ethiopia
[9]
. Improvements in fishery sector would contribute to poverty alleviation
and environmental sustainability in Ethiopia
[10]
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) contributes for more than 50% of the total landings in
Ethiopia
[7]
. Oreochromis niloticus is widely found in Rift valley lakes such as Abaya, Chamo
etc.