September-October 2024 MILITARY REVIEW 108 Information Sharing and the Eﬀectiveness of Peacekeeping Operations in Mali Christopher Sims, PhD Malian soldiers ﬁght against Islamist rebels during clashes that erupted in the city of Gao on 21 February 2013. An apparent car bomb exploded near a camp housing French troops as Malian and foreign forces struggled to secure Mali’s volatile north. (Photo by Frederic LaFargue, Agence France-Presse)