Vol.:(0123456789) Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-024-03413-9 RESEARCH Hybrid Design Using Metal–Organic Framework MIL‑101(Cr) with Melaminium Bis (Hydrogenoxalate) (MOX) for Hybrid Supercapacitors and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions Ehtisham Umar 1  · Muhammad Arslan Sunny 2  · Haseebul Hassan 3  · M. Waqas Iqbal 2  · Rimsha Anwar 2  · Norah Salem Alsaiari 4  · Mohamed Ouladsmane 5  · N. A. Ismayilova 6,9,10  · Ehsan Elahi 7  · Yazen M. Alawaideh 8 Received: 29 July 2024 / Accepted: 13 September 2024 © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024 Abstract Advancements in metal–organic frameworks MIL-101(Cr) and melaminium bis (hydrogenoxalate) (MOX) are attracting attention for their potential applications and electrochemical performance. They thoroughly examine the domains of elec- trochemical water splitting and hybrid energy storage. This work aims to investigate the electrochemical properties of MIL-101(Cr), MOX, and their composites MIL-101(Cr)/MOX for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in electrochemi- cal water splitting and potential for integration into hybrid energy storage devices. MIL-101(Cr) nanocomposite exhibits well-distributed and stable MOX nanoparticles due to the formation of tiny channels and strong chemical bonds. The MIL- 101(Cr)/MOX composite electrode demonstrated remarkable hydrogen evaluation reaction (HER) activity, exhibiting a low overpotential of 130 mV and a high Tafel slope of 33.34 mV/dec. These results suggest that the MIL-101(Cr)/MOX material is a promising candidate for efficient and cost-effective HER electrocatalysis. This electrode was then used to fabricate a hybrid supercapattery device with activated carbon (AC) for energy storage. In this study, a fabricated novel hybrid energy storage device achieves an impressive combination of high energy density (88 Wh/kg) and exceptional power density (1240 W/kg), surpassing conventional supercapacitors. In addition, the theoretical approach was employed to offer more information regarding the experimental results. This study reveals a breakthrough in electrode design. The remarkable reactivity paves the way for substantial advancements in energy storage and electrochemical water-splitting technologies. Keywords MIL-101(Cr)/MOX · Supercapattery · Hydrogen evaluation reaction · Energy storage * M. Waqas Iqbal waqas.iqbal@riphah.edu.pk 1 Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan 2 Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Campus Lahore, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan 3 Department of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, 38123 Trento, Italy 4 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P. O. Box 84428, 11671 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 5 Advanced Materials Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 6 Institute of Physics Ministry of Science and Education Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku AZ-1143, Azerbaijan 7 Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea 8 MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan 9 Western Caspian University, Baku AZ-1001, Azerbaijan 10 Khazar University, Department of Physics and Electronics, Mahsati Str. 41, Baku Az 1096, Azerbaijan