Arabiyat : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban Vol. 10 No. 2, December 2023, 230-241 P-ISSN: 2356-153X; E-ISSN: 2442-9473 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/a.v10i2.34840 Al-Kulira’s Poetry Works of Nazik al-Malaika: Sociological Literature Analysis Iin Suryaningsih 1 , Safira Muhammad 2 , Wael Ali El Sayyed 3 1 2 Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Indonesia 3 Ain Shams University, Egypt Corresponding E-mail: iin.suryaningsih@uai.ac.id Abstract In 1947, Egypt experienced a cholera epidemic that killed thousands of people every day for three months. Furthermore, Nazik al-Malaika wrote a poem entitled al- Kulira. The poem describes events and expresses deep sorrow over the spread of cholera. The poem became the first free poetry in Arabic literature. This study describes the sociological theory of Wellek & Werren's to find state point of view of the author, the sociology of literary works, and the sociology of the readers of al- Kulira’s poetry, with descriptive analysis method and objective approach. The results of this study is in terms of socio-cultural background in authorship; Nazik, was born in an environment that loves science and literature. It was concluded that Nazik's thought of composing al-Kulira's poetry was influenced by the cholera epidemic sweeping Egypt then. Nazik's expressions in his poetry, which are filled with sorrow and sadness, are influenced by the large number of Egyptian people who died due to a cholera epidemic. Keywords: Poetry of al-Kulira, Nazik al-Malaika, Sociological Theory of Wellek & Werrent Introduction Literary work is an expression of the author's capture of reality in real life. This expression is expressed by using the medium of language (Anita, 2019). Literature is not only a language, a line of words; the excess part can only be expressed and interpreted through language (Suryaningsih, 2022). If literature is to voice or discuss something, then something can only be conveyed through language (Nurgiyantoro, 2015). Language in literary works also plays its main role, namely the function of communication (Nurgiantoro, 1993). Teeuw suggests that "literary works are not written in a cultural vacuum". Literature reflects the life of a nation. This reflects the national culture that distinguishes this nation from other nations (Salim, 2020). Developed countries and high cultures have many literary works in their national languages, and these achievements will be known in the literary history of later generations (Teeuw, 1997).