© 2024 The Author(s). Published and Maintained by Noyam Journals.
This is an open access article under the CCBY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
E-Journal of Humanities, Arts and
Social Sciences (EHASS)
ISSN – Online 2720-7722 | Print 2821-8949
Volume 5 Issue 13 October 2024 pp 2123-2130
Available online at: https://noyam.org/journals/ehass/
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38159/ehass.20245138
“Sunsum” and “Honhom” in African
Socioreligioculture and Spirituality
Edward Agboada
1
& Peter Addai Mensah
1
1
Department of Religious Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Ghana.
INTRODUCTION
The cosmology of African socioreligiocultural and spirituality are defined by complex epistemology and
a nomenclature that create not just a context but a framework that forms the foundation for belief, and
practice. These epistemologies and nomenclatures which are nonetheless distinctive to the Afri ca’s
indigenous socioculture and spirituality are developed out of careful reflections, encounters and
experiences with the supernatural and how it is reflected in social structures and systems. A concept that
has presented so much debate within the African socioreligioculture and spirituality is the interplay,
dichotomy and functionality of sunsum and honhom. Sunsum or honhom not only play a significant role
in the quasi-physical or quasi-spiritual components of created elements but also it forms one of two
important components in addition to ɔkra (Soul), and honam (body) in Onipa (human).
Together, sunsum or honhom form the tripartite or pentachotomistic conception of ‘Onipa.’ While
sunsum is defined as a ‘life force’, honhom is defined as a ‘spiritual essence’. The interplay of sunsum
and honhom therefore defines the functionality of every element in creation and the nature of their
relationship with Onyankopɔn (the Supreme-Being). Significantly, sunsum and honhom are not just
linguistic preferences for spirit in specific cultures as translated into English and different from ɔkra (soul)
Correspondence
Edward Agboada
Email:
agboadaedwards@gmail.com
Publication History
Received: 8
th
May, 2024
Accepted: 17
th
September , 2024
Published online:
7
th
October, 2024
ABSTRACT
Sunsum and Honhom in the African socioreligioculture and spirituality present
a complexity of functionality and purpose that provides distinctive context to
the interplay of dimensions that define existence (being). In any case,
‘existence’ or ‘being’ must possess distinctive functionality and a purpose that
defines the specificity of their spiritual or physical purposes. The study which
examines the meaning, significance and relevance of Sunsum and Honhom
within the African socioreligioculture and spirituality attempts to decipher their
implications for Christianity, Theology and Biblical scholarship especially in
Africa and beyond. It used ethno-anthropology and socio-phenomenology
which examined the meaning, significance and relevance of sunsum and
honhom not just as a linguistic preference or juxtaposition but as a dimension,
or functionality that establishes both an epistemology and a nomenclature that
provide the right approach and methods for nurturing or relating with people or
elements within the physical and spiritual cosmology. The study contributes to
the ongoing discourse on the functionality of Sunsum and Honhom within
African socioreligioculture and spirituality and how they affect how human
beings or elements within the African Socioreligioculture and Spirituality are
perceived or related to/with.
Keywords: Sunsum, Honhom, Honam, Spirituality, Africa