Analyzing Figurative Language in Niki’s Song
Lyrics to Teach Listening Comprehension for EFL
Learners
Lydia Kusumahwati
1
, Nadia Sherly Andriani
2
, Putu Dian Danayanti Degeng
3
, Hamamah
4
{lydiakusumahwt@student.ub.ac.id
1
, nadiasherly@student.ub.ac.id
2
, dian_degeng@ub.ac.id
3
}
Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
1,2,3
Abstract. Popular songs contain cultural background that can be used as learning
materials to help students comprehend listening skills. Popular songs from an Indonesian
singer, Nicole Zefanya, can be used. This study was intended to analyze figurative
language found in Nicole Zefanya’s song lyrics to teach listening comprehension through
qualitative research. The population used in this study is Nicole Zefanya’s newest album
titled “Nicole”. Through simple random sampling, the researchers selected three of Niki's
songs entitled “High School in Jakarta”, “Anaheim”, and “Oceans and Engines”. The result
of this study found that between the three songs, metaphor was commonly used. This
research also divided learning activities into three listening activities, which are pre-
listening, whilst listening, and post listening.
Keywords: Figurative Language, Teaching Listening, Song Lyrics.
1. Introduction
Listening is one of the skills that all language learners need to acquire, especially for English
foreign learners. Students who did not get enough exposure to English language may encounter
problems. In Indonesian EFL classrooms, students faced several problems related to listening
comprehension. Lestari et al [1] mentions several problems that emerge when it comes to
listening problems are; lack of equipment to assist listening activities, a shortage of listening
tools, little time in classroom for listening activities, boredom, students’ low abilities in
prediction techniques, inadequate vocabulary, some students are easily distracted in classroom,
and the provided materials are not suitable for students' level. It is unfortunate that Indonesian
students encountered those problems because listening allows English foreign students to
comprehend other skills like reading, writing, and speaking. In consequence, English foreign
students in Indonesia tend to have low ability in listening comprehension.
Students’ low ability in listening comes from unfamiliar vocabulary and students’ level of focus.
Unfamiliar vocabulary is the common problem encountered in learning any language skill.
Students who are limited in their vocabulary may find many unfamiliarity within the listening
session in the classroom. They may start using their prior knowledge and predicting skills in
order to try understanding those unfamiliar words. However, students may trap themselves to
mistranslate the unfamiliar vocabulary. If the meaning of vocabulary wasn't in line with the
ICOLLEC 2022, November 11-12, Malang, Indonesia
Copyright © 2023 EAI
DOI 10.4108/eai.11-11-2022.2329348